XV Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2023

The history of Deconstructivism began with a philosophical idea of Jack Derrida’s philosophical idea. Namely with his term 'deconstruction', which meant decomposing the whole into parts and studying these elements in order to understand how the whole works. In his philosophy, there are two steps to deconstruction. The first step "distinction" is to find the main thing in the whole and its antipode. The second step is "inversion" replacing the main with the antipode. These steps led to a change in the interpretation of the word deconstruction for art. And a style called Deconstructivism emerged. It meant reinterpretation of the established traditions.

The first appearance of this style should be seen in the works of Bernard Chumi and the design work of Derrida and Eisenman in 1980.He attracted even more attention during the MOMA exhibition in 1988, where works by Zaha Hadid, Peter Eisenman, Daniel Libeskind and many others were exhibited.

Let's take a look at this style through the work of the famous architects such as: Peter Eisenman, Frank Gehry, Daniel Libeskind, Rem Kolhas and Zaha Hadid.

Peter Eisenman is an American architect who is one of the founders of deconstructivism. His architectural and urban planning projects put him “close to the conceptual art” and to deconstructivism. Some of his best known works are: ARONOFF Centre for Design and Art, Building and Church of the Year 2000 Rome, Italy Year: 1996. This structure can be seen as an example of the invasion and alteration of the surrounding built environment under the influence of deconstructivism. The aggressive forms of the church evoke a visual dissonance with the residential development.

Frank Genry is one of the most famous architects of our time. He is also one of the founders of deconstructivism. He owns some of the most famous buildings - deconstructionism. His architecture is exactly what Derritt said about deconstruction - the disintegration of the whole into parts. His most famous works were the Walt Disney Concert Hall and the Guggenheim Museum. The Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao is one example of a beautiful deconstructivist work that can serve as an extension of the natural environment, namely its undulating building forms can be compared to the smoothness of water.

Daniel Libeskind is a Polish-American architect known for bringing complex ideas and emotions to his projects. He believes that buildings are created with a tangible human energy, with the intention to address the wider cultural context in which they are built. His most famous buildings are the Royal Ontario Museum Extension in Toronto and the Military History Museum, Dresden, Germany. These two examples are remarkable in that they show an example of the symbiosis of structures in the classical style with elements of deconstructivism. Through this solution, the building becomes the dominant feature of the development and transforms it to suit itself.

Rem Koolhaas is the Pritzker Prize-winning Dutch architect and urbanist. His projects are based on the philosophy of deconstructivism. It was with him that Zaha Hadid started her career at OMA. His most famous buildings are: Seattle Central Library.

Last but not least, ZAHA HADID (31 October 1950 - 31 March 2016) is a brilliant woman architect who is deservedly on the list of the most famous architects of our time. Her buildings that can be attributed to deconstructivism: the National Museum of the 21st Century Arts, the fire station of designer furniture manufacturer Vitra.

After examining examples of the interaction between the deconstructivist style and the surrounding environment, it can be said unequivocally that such buildings are eye-catching and their fusion is a penetration of the foreign into the ordinary. But their effect on the world around them is different. Summing up, we can say that deconstructivism is a style of conflict, of rebellion, which has a unique and memorable appearance. The features of this style are: the complication of the form of the building, the intrusion of structures into the environment, thejaggedness, the asymmetry.

Bibliography:

1. wikipedia.org Access mode: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1 %80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F

2. Daniil Polulyakh. http://www.cablook.com. Access mode: http://www.cablook.com/design-art/dekonstruktivizm-arhitektura-razrusheniya/

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4. http://architime.ru Access mode: http://architime.ru/architects/a_daniel_libeskind.htm Access mode: https://snob.ru/selected/entry/21031

5. Anzhelika Sukhova Access mode: https://moydom.media/architecture/dekonstruktivizm-napravlenie-arhitektury-otricayushchee-arhitekturu-1055