XV Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2023

For a long time, the anarchist idea «lived» a spontaneous life, as an objective phenomenon of mass consciousness of the people, as a belief in social justice and the dream of a free life. The injustice of the world, the internal protest against the state as a system of suppression of a free personality contributed to P. A. Kropotkin’s theoretical understanding of the historical social forms of the relationship between the individual and society, man and the state. The state and its policy prevent to every union of people among themselves, prevent the development of local initiative and personal entrepreneurship, and also suppress already the existing liberties and prevent the emergence of new ones – all this in order to subjugate the masses of the people to insignificant minority. In his works, P. A. Kropotkin denounces the centralization of the authorities and bureaucracy, the alienation of the individual from the authority, the lack of local autonomy, the ignoring moral principles in politics and public administration. The principles of immoralism are often taught by people in power who are capable of compromising any, the most noble and humanistic idea. P.A. Kropotkin having deeply researched the essence of the state, the stages of its development and formation, foreknew that at a new stage of its development of society there would be a «natural law», established by the common will of the masses, because all written codes of laws enslave the present and the future in favor of the past. All set of laws, without any exception, are nothing but a collection of formulas and concepts borrowed from the times of economic and mental slavery.

The philosophical concept of an imperious and self-governing community by P. A. Kropotkin is an organic element of Russian philosophy, which defense the idea of a conciliar «divine-human», the upward movement of humanity towards a state of universal harmony. P. A. Kropotkin’s utopian views on the human future don’t exclude a positive, life-affirming beginning in the content of the biosociological concept of a bright, original Russian thinker of the 19^th and 20^th centuries.

P. Kropotkin’s ethical theory contributed to the development of public thought, the criticism of state institutions influenced on the formation of new socio-political concepts. The practical experience of realization his political teaching in our time has been the activity of numerous anarchist movements that are increasing their operation in the international arena. Among the most notable organizations are anarcho-syndicalists, anarcho-communists and others. Today there is and successfully operates the International Association of Anarchism (IFA), which, in particular, is represented by the following organizations: FAF (France), CJT (Spain), OSL (Switzerland).

Literature:

Kropotkin, P. A. Anarchy, its philosophy, its idea: Essays. – M.: Publ., Eksmo, 2004. – 864 p.

Kropotkin, P. A. Bread and volition. Modern science and anarchy. – M.: Pravda, 1990. – 640 p.

Kropotkin, P. A. Selected works / P. A. Kropotkin ; [authors of introd. Article P. I. Talerov, A. A. Shirinyants; the author of comments P. I. Talerov]. M.: Russian political encyclopedia (ROSSPEN), 2010. – 896 p.

Kropotkin P. A. Mutual assistance as a factor of evolution. – М.: Magazine edition «Self-education», 2011. – 256 p.

Kropotkin P. A. Ethics : Selected works. – M.: Politisdat, 1991. – 496 p.

Newman, S. Post-anarchism. – M.: Ripol-Classic, 2021.– 208p. ISBN: 978-5-386-14185-