XIV Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2022

The phraseological fund is a reflection of the picture of the world of all native speakers. The separation of words’ combinations, reproduced in the language in a ready-made form, was initially necessary to separate fixed phrases from combinations that are naturally and regularly formed in speech.

We consider the term ‘phraseology’ as an object of study of the science of phraseology with semantically related words and sentences, which ‘unlike syntactic structures are similar to them in form and not produced in accordance with the general laws of choice and combination of words in the organization of utterance, but are reproduced in speech in a fixed ratio of semantic structure and a certain lexical and grammatical composition’.

One of the richest resources of phraseological units in the language is professional speech. Terminological vocabulary easily acquires a figurative meaning due to figurative and metaphorical use, gradually passing into the category of phraseological units with their characteristic features and properties. Phraseological units used in speech by a certain professional group often become commonly used. We will focus on the phraseological units of the military sphere within this article. Moreover, a large number of stable expressions were borrowed from the military discourse, which received a new meaning.

The verbal phraseological units are units with the meaning of action or process. To systematize the verbal idioms of military subjects, it seems appropriate to describe semantic groups of words. This definition refers to a number of words or phrases that are close in basic meaning, belonging to the same semantic field. As a rule, such word combinations are characterized by a common lexical meaning and formation into groups based on the concepts embedded in them.

The first semantic group of phraseological units contains the units indicating the beginning of certain actions, the readiness to begin the task:

fly to arms;

rise in arms against;

dig up the hatchet.

The next group of verbal phraseological units describes the nature of fighting:

change one's battery;

turn smb.'s battery against himself;

fling oneself into the breach.

The third class includes interjective phraseological units ‘bless my life!’ and modal phraseological units of a non-objective nature ‘well and good’.

The fourth class includes communicative phraseological units, so called proverbs and sayings:

attack is the best method of defense;

every bullet has its billet;

forewarned, forearmed.

As a result of the analysis of phraseological units of military subjects, we have formulated the conclusion that military phraseological units include phrases that serve to denote various phenomena of military service, weapons and military equipment, activities during combat operations and exercises, and the daily life of military personnel.