XIV Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2022

Data storage is one of the most important trends in the development of computers, which appeared after the emergence of non-volatile storage devices. Data storage systems of different scales are used everywhere: in banks, stores, and enterprises. As the size of stored data grows, so does the complexity of data storage. Over the last 100 years many ways to store data have been invented. Some of them are outdated and another are gaining popularity.

Let’s touch upon internal and external data storages as all computer users are accustomed to.

TYPES OF INTERNAL STORAGE

There are four types of storage: Disk,Tape, Flash, Hybrid

Disk is the most simple and familiar to all devices.

Tape was one of the first storage devices.Nowadays we use it for backups.

Flash is the Solid State Drives. It is the most advanced and fastest way to store and transfer data. Its main drawback is the price.

Hybrid combines the advantages and disadvantages of Disks and Flashes in one system.

How does SSD WORK?

In a hard drive to read a block of data first you need to calculate where it is located, then move the magnetic heads to the desired track, wait until the desired sector is under the head and make the read. And chaotic requests to different areas of the hard disk further affect the access time. With such requests HDD are forced to constantly "run" the heads over the entire surface of the platter and even rearranging the command queue does not always help. But in SSD it is as easy as calculating desired block address and getting read/write access to it immediately. No mechanical operations - all time is spent on address translation and block transfer. The faster the flash memory, controller and external interface, the faster the access to data.

But when changing/erasing data in an SSD drive, it's not so simple. NAND flash memory chips are optimized for sector-based operations. Flash memory is written in blocks of 4KB and erased in blocks of 512KB. When modifying multiple bytes within a block the controller performs the following sequence of operations:

- reads the modifying block containing into the internal buffer/cache;

- modifies the necessary bytes;

- performs a block erasure in the flash memory chip;

- calculates the new location of the block as required by the mixing algorithm;

- writes the block to the new location.

BENEFITS OF SSD

1. SSD is lighter than its analogues. It makes using of SSD more priority.

2. It doesn’t have fragile mechanical parts. It removes the possibility of noise and also increases the mechanical stability of the device

3. The reading speed and operation speed are much higher than in conventional hard disks

4. Possibility of running multiple process is more I/O operations.

5. Low power consumption

THE DISADVANTAGES OF SSD

1. The price is higher than for HDD

2. Data recovery is impossible in the case of damage.

3. Low-volume SSD has low productivity

4. The main disadvantage of SSD drives based on flash memory - a limited number of rewrite cycles; with the development of technologies for manufacturing non-volatile memory, perhaps, IT will be eliminated by making the media on other physical principles

Modern SSD applications

At the moment the most common SSD users are "professional" gamers . Speed of data transfer is very important. Photographers, designers and digital artists also need SSD to accelerate the processing of various projects . Unfortunately large companies are not interested in using this technology because the price is a discouraging fact for corporate use .

Equipment used in data centers should be able to work continuously in 24×7 mode, provide high performance, easily scalable, configured and managed, as well as be characterized by an adequate cost of ownership. SSDs meet virtually all of these requirements.

Thus, SSD is widespread at the moment, but high price and lots of rivals limit it possibilities

Source links:

https://www.pcmag.com/news/ssd-vs-hdd-whats-the-difference

https://www.crucial.com/articles/about-ssd/what-is-an-ssd

https://turbofuture.com/computers/Examples-of-Data-Storage-Devices

https://searchstorage.techtarget.com/definition/ssd-solid-state-drive

https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-ssd?international=true&r=US&IR=T

https://www.crucial.com/articles/pc-builders/what-is-a-hard-drive

https://www.britannica.com/technology/hard-disk

Код для цитирования: Скопировать