XIII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2021

It is difficult to imagine the achievements of modern science and technology without fundamental research in materials science. The role and importance of electrical and structural materials increases with the development of the scientific and technical process. Modern branches of science and technology could not have received such a significant development without the use of high-quality electrical materials.

The need to work in aggressive environments, high humidity, high temperatures, high electrical loads and overloads make increasingly high demands on materials. In some cases, it is necessary to use new materials with special properties. Their application can significantly improve the quality indicators and operational reliability of the equipment. The choice of materials for a particular application is a complex task, the successful solution of which largely depends on the depth of knowledge of the various properties of electrical and structural materials. To do this, it is necessary to understand the requirements for specific materials, to deeply study the phenomena that occur in materials when they are exposed to an electromagnetic field, to know the quantitative parameters that characterize the properties of materials and to be able to use them rationally.

Materials used in electric power systems of ship and shore structures are divided into structural, electrical and special-purpose materials.

Almost all materials are more or less exposed to electric and magnetic fields, or a combination of them, and can be classified as electrical. According to the reaction to the influence of an electric field, materials are divided into conductor, semiconductor and dielectric.

Conductive materials are called, the main electrical property of which is a strong electrical conductivity. Their use in engineering is mainly due to this property, which determines the high specific electrical conductivity at normal temperature.

Semiconductors are materials that are intermediate in terms of specific conductivity between conductive and dielectric materials, the distinctive property of which is a strong dependence of the specific conductivity on the concentration and type of impurities or various defects.

Dielectric materials are materials whose main electrical property is the ability to polarize and in which the existence of an electrostatic field is possible.

According to the behavior in the magnetic field, materials are divided into strong magnetic (magnets), weak magnetic and are divided into five groups: diamagnets, paramagnets, ferromagnets and antiferromagnets.

As a result of studying the discipline "electrical And structural materials", you should:

know the basics of electrical materials science and technology of structural materials in the proposed volume, which are the basis for further education of an engineer;

be able to use knowledge in the field of materials science in solving specific problems;

formulate specific engineering tasks from the point of view of the properties of materials and methods of their processing and find algorithms for their solution;

independently study technical literature for the purpose of professional development.

Sources:

1.https://rep.bsatu.by/bitstream/doc/9539/2/ehlektrotekhnicheskie-i-konstrukcionnye-materialy.pdf

2. https://revolution.allbest.ru/manufacture/00845055_0.html