XIII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2021

The most important vector of development of modern engine building is the improvement of fuel efficiency. For a significant part of the time, car engines operate in partial load and idle modes. These modes have a reduced effective efficiency. One of the ways to solve this problem is to regulate the working volume of the engine in partial load modes by partially disconnecting the cylinders.

The maximum fuel efficiency of the engine is achieved when using 70-80 % of its design capacity. The essence of this method is to exclude part of the cylinders from operation in partial modes, and make the rest work with a higher load, namely at 70-80 % of the maximum possible power, which will allow us to achieve the desired result.

The main advantages of system shut-down cylinders are:

-reduction of losses from throttling, i.e. reducing turbulence in the suction of air into the cylinders due to the greater angle of the throttle;

-a reduction of pumping losses by shutting down intake and exhaust valves in the inoperative cylinders;

-an increase in the efficiency of the engine by reducing heat losses in inoperative cylinders of the engine.

The greatest difficulty in implementing this system is the reduction of vibrations and noise that occur when the engine is running with the cylinder part disconnected. Resort to the following measures to eliminate this problem: equipment of the engine with hydraulic supports that have low dynamic stiffness; installation of a two-mass flywheel that allows you to extinguish torsional vibrations; exhaust gas exhaust system with resonators installed in the front and rear muffler of the engine.

Based on all of the above, it can be concluded that an engine with an installed cylinder shut-off system has undeniable advantages, primarily associated with an increase in efficiency and fuel economy. These indicators are the most important for the internal combustion engine.

Sourses:

1. Cylinder shut - off system-what is it? // autosteam.ru URL:http://autosteam.ru/helpful-info/882-sistema-otklyucheniya-tsilindrov-chto-eto (date accessed: 20.05.2020).

2. Cylinder shut-off system (AST) on a 1.4 l engine (CPTA) 103kW TDI, the Program self-study 510 VW/Audi // vwts.ru URL:https://vwts.ru/pps/pps_510_syst_otkl_cyl_act_1_4_tsi_cpty_rus.pdf (date accessed: 20.05.2020).__

3. Two-mass flywheel. The device, working test, description of failure, technical description of the product. Part 1. URL :https://vwts.ru/trans/skoda_dvuhmassovy_mahovik_rus.pdf (date accessed: 20.05.2020)