XII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2020

Ilia Romanovich Galperin is the largest domestic linguist, specialist in the field of language stylistics and text linguistics, lexicographer. He is one of the instigators of the new linguistics.

I.R. Galperin is the author of scientific papers on lexicology, stylistics, general linguistics, and English language textbooks. His works address the main problems of linguistics, reflect the most subtle linguistic features of language, and explain the essence of the most complex theoretical issues related to the development and functioning of language. In addition, he developed the theory of language stylistics, taking as a basis the works of domestic philologists V.V. Vinogradov, M.M. Bahtin and others. This theory establishes the foundations of the stylistics of English and is of a general linguistic nature, which allows it to be applied to all European languages.

Galperin 's writings became the basis of language grammar, language style definition, classification of functional and language styles and stylistic techniques, and others.

In his book "Text as an Object of Linguistic Study" Galperin outlined the basic ideas and problems of text linguistics. The most characteristic features of the text structure, its grammatical categories, their interaction and classification of various types of text information are revealed in the work.

In the fundamental monograph "Essays on the Stylistics of English" (1958), and subsequently in the textbook Stylistics (1971, with subsequent reprints), in addition to covering traditional aspects of stylistics, Ilia Romanovich puts forward an original system of classification of stylistic techniques based on linguistic factors, introducing into the ancient system of rhetorical techniques the linguistic principle of understanding and interpretation of their nature.

Galperin was actively involved in the formation and development of linguostilistics, an important area of modern systemic linguistics, without which it would be impossible to create new industries of linguistics.

He clearly formulated the concept of linguistic stylistics, where he highlighted linguostilistics as a separate field of language science, stressing its importance. The provisions of this concept were further applied in other pagan works of the author, including work on the "Grand Anglo-Russian Dictionary."

According to Galperin linguostilistic is a teaching about the expressiveness of speech. Any statement always includes a stylistic component, regardless of its style. It is important to understand that stylistics in this case is a pragmatic system of language communication, without which it would be impossible to establish internal connections within the speech. On this basis, Galperin identifies four constitutive sides of language understanding - phonetics, vocabulary, grammar and stylistics. At the same time, he notes that stylistics acts as a structured set of means and techniques for achieving communicative validity of speech in different conditions of communication. All four constitutive parties form a semantic mechanism for building competent speech statements from the nominative resources of language.

Based on the provisions of information theory, he introduces the concept of "information value of a language unit," reflecting the information depth of a language unit in speech. According to the author 's position, a language unit (primarily lexical) has meaning, content, and information value. In connection with other units of language, a language unit is able to produce information beyond that contained in its contents. When interpreting statements and texts, such information should be decoded, for which purpose it is necessary to reveal the informativity of the constituent units; Decoding is associated with a certain effort on the part of the decoding, the measure of which determines the value of the information.

In addition, Galperin contributed greatly to the development of the teaching on the forms and functions of units of language. He identified segment units among the units of the language, dividing them into levels according to the method of construction, related the semantico-functional contribution to the aggregate information of the text, revealing the specificity of the level-forming units - phonemes, morphemes, words and sentences. Thanks to this, the functional dynamics of speech was developed and the main levels of language were established.

The scientist laid the foundation of the theory of functional styles three fundamental aspects of the text: categorical aspect (connectivity, integrity, segmentation), information aspect (impressivity, actuality), personal-relational (influence of the speaker on the listener and vice versa). On this basis, the language status of the style of fiction was revised by scientists.

The style of fiction is characterized by expressiveness of speech, specificity of emotional content and expression. It is this feature that contrasts it with other styles of linguistic expression, and clearly reflects all three fundamental aspects of the text.

Galperin 's followers recognized that any language consists of two sides - the language of life use and the language of art.

Art-shaped language can be both literary-normalized and literary-abnormal, and old-life and unwritten, embodied only in oral tradition.

Indeed, without such a system, no human tribe could exist.

Galperin 's writings became the cornerstone of the formation and development of linguistic stylistics. His ideas were a continuation of the discoveries of other scientists and had a great impact on the science of language, laying a new conceptual foundation for further development in the field of allocated subjects of study.In addition, Galperin contributed greatly to the development of the teaching on the forms and functions of units of language. He identified segment units among the units of the language, dividing them into levels according to the method of construction, related the semantico-functional contribution to the aggregate information of the text, revealing the specificity of the level-forming units - phonemes, morphemes, words and sentences. Thanks to this, the functional dynamics of speech was developed and the main levels of language were established.

The scientist laid the foundation of the theory of functional styles three fundamental aspects of the text: categorical aspect (connectivity, integrity, segmentation), information aspect (impressivity, actuality), personal-relational (influence of the speaker on the listener and vice versa). On this basis, the language status of the style of fiction was revised by scientists.

The style of fiction is characterized by expressiveness of speech, specificity of emotional content and expression. It is this feature that contrasts it with other styles of linguistic expression, and clearly reflects all three fundamental aspects of the text.

Galperin 's followers recognized that any language consists of two sides - the language of life use and the language of art.

Art-shaped language can be both literary-normalized and literary-abnormal, and old-life and unwritten, embodied only in oral tradition.

Indeed, without such a system, no human tribe could exist.

In addition to the theoretical linguistic works themselves, Ilia Romanovich was also widely known as the author or co-author of works on related specialties (theory of translation, lexicology), applied works (series of English textbooks) and, of course, the two-volume Great Anglicographic Dictionary created under his general guidance, the publication of which in 1972 became an outstanding event, which marked the appearance of the most complete lexicographic publication of this kind.

Galperin 's writings became the cornerstone of the formation and development of linguistic stylistics. His ideas were a continuation of the discoveries of other scientists and had a great impact on the science of language, laying a new conceptual foundation for further development in the field of allocated subjects of study.

Literature:

Galperin I.R. /English Stylistics/ 2014y.

Galperin I.R. /Text as an Object of Linguistic Study/ 1981y.

Internet references:

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Гальперин,_Илья_Романович

https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/01004626364

https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1519108.I_R_Galperin

http://elib.bsu.by/handle/123456789/188582

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