XII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2020
OVERVIEW OF HRS HEAT EXCHANGERS
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Introduction
The topic of energy saving and efficient energy exchange is relevant today. Heat exchangers are widely used for thermal processes. The purpose of our research is to study the types of heat exchangers of one of the world's leading companies, for further development of a new model.
HRS Heat Exchangers operates globally and at the forefront of thermal technology, offering innovative and effective heat transfer products worldwide, with a strong focus on managing energy efficiently. Our heat exchangers fall into three main categories:[1]
1. Corrugated Tube Heat Exchangers
Using HRS’ corrugated tube technology, both heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, potential fouling is minimised, making it possible to supply more compact and economical heat exchangers. HRS offers a wide product range, with models developed for various types of industries, manufactured from stainless steel. Bespoke designs and other materials are also available. [1]
Advantages of Corrugated Heat Exchangers:
Increased heat transfer
Minimal fouling
Reduced servicing costs
Compact design
Picture № 1 - The Reynolds graph
The Reynolds graph shows the increase of heat transfer using corrugated tube in comparison to smooth tube. (Picture №1)
HRS offers three types of corrugated tube heat exchangers: [1]
1.1 Annular Space Heat Exchangers
1.2 Double Tube Heat Exchangers
1.3 Multitube Heat Exchangers
1.1 DOUBLE TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS
A double tube, or tube within a tube, heat exchanger is used for efficient heat transfer between two fluids.
Double tube heat exchangers are designed whereby one tube is concentrically positioned within a larger tube. The double tube composition allows for unrestricted flow of product, making it the ideal heat exchanger for viscous products. The product flows through the inner tube and the service fluid flows through the surrounding shell. HRS offers three types of double tube heat exchangers for a variety of applications. [2]
1) HYGIENIC DOUBLE TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS – HRS DTA SERIES
The HRS DTA Series is a complete stainless steel double tube heat exchanger designed for hygienic applications.[3] (Picture № 2)
Picture № 2 - Hygienic double tube heat exchangers – HRS DTA SERIES
The product flows through the inner tubes and the service fluid flows through the surrounding shell. Because of its geometry, the DTA Series is a true counter current heat exchanger. Using our corrugation technology, both heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, potential fouling is minimised.[3]
Bellows are fitted to absorb differential expansion between shell and tube and multiple units can be interconnected for larger applications. Options include frame mounting, insulation and stainless steel cladding.[3]
HRS DTA Series is suitable for fluids containing fibres or other particles and low-high viscosity fluids. For high viscosity food products like honey, fruit jams and marmalades, please refer to our Annular Space and Scraped Surface Heat Exchangers product range. [3]
TECHNICAL DATA
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 304 stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Flange
Product side: Clamp
All flange & clamp types available
Surface Finish:
External: Polished
Internal: <0.8μ
Other surface finishes available [3]
2) INDUSTRIAL DOUBLE TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS – HRS DTI SERIES
The HRS DTI Series is a complete stainless steel double tube heat exchanger designed for industrial applications. [4] (Picture № 3)
Picture № 3 - Industrial double tube heat exchangers – HRS DTI SERIES
Because of its geometry the DTI Series is a true counter current heat exchanger; the product flows through the inner tube and the service fluid flows through the surrounding shell. Using our corrugation technology, both heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, potential fouling is minimised. [4]
Expansion joint (bellows) is fitted in the shell to allow for differential expansion of the inner and outer tube during operation. Multiple units can be interconnected and have the options of frame mounting, insulated and cladded in stainless steel. [4]
The HRS DTI series is suitable for applications with fluids containing fibres or particles and low-high viscosity fluids.
TECHNICAL DATA
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 304 stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Flange
Product side: Flange
All flange types available
Surface Finish:
External: Matt
Internal: Matt [4]
3) INDUSTRIAL DOUBLE TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS WITH REMOVABLE TUBE – HRS DTR SERIES
Picture № 4 - Industrial double tube heat exchangers with removable tube – HRS DTR SERIES
Based on the DTI Series, but with an adapted design for direct energy recovery (product vs product) for sludge with low viscosity. The inner tube is removable making it possible to inspect/clean both tube and shell side. [5] (Picture № 4)
It also allows for easier and faster cleaning consequently reducing operational downtime required for these high fouling products. The tube in tube concentric geometry makes it easy to work with fluids that contain particles, without having to worry about blockages impeding the flow of product. Special corrugated tubes are used to increase heat transfer and reduce fouling, making the DTR Series more efficient than similar smooth tube heat exchanger designs. [5]
For large duties, multiple units can be interconnected and mounted in a frame. Frame plating with thermal insulation can be provided for safety and to prevent heat loss and other options include frame mounting and stainless steel cladding.
Typical applications of the HRS DTR Series include sludge heating/cooling and pasteurisation, digester heating and sludge-to-sludge heat recovery.[5]
TECHNICAL DATA
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 304 stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Flange
Product side: Flange
All flange types available
Surface Finish:
External: Matt
Internal: Matt [5]
1.2 MULTITUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS
As the name suggests, a multitube heat exchanger uses more than one tube to carry the product. The product flows through the interior tubes and the service fluid flows through the surrounding shell. HRS produces a range of different multi tube heat exchangers for use in a wide range of different industries and applications. [6]
1) GAS COOLING HEAT EXCHANGERS – HRS G SERIES
The HRS G Series is a complete stainless steel multi tube heat exchanger designed specifically for exhaust gas cooling and thermal recovery applications. [7] ( Picture № 5)
Picture № 5 - Gas cooling heat EXCHANGERS – HRS G SERIES
Similar to the HRS K Series,, the exhaust gases flow through the interior tubes and the service fluid flows through the surrounding shell. Using our corrugation technology, heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, potential fouling is minimised. [7]
Expansion bellows are fitted to absorb the differential expansion between the shell and the inner tubes. Multiple units can be interconnected for larger applications. Options include frame mounting, insulation and stainless steel cladding. [7]
The HRS G Series is suitable for applications such as heat recovery from cogeneration exhaust gases, boiler exhaust gases, industrial exhaust and flue gases.[7]
TECHNICAL DATA
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 304 stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Flange
Product side: Tube plate Flange
All flange types available
Surface Finish:
External: Matt
Internal: Matt [7]
2) INDUSTRIAL MULTITUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS – HRS K SERIES
The HRS K Series is a complete stainless steel shell and tube heat exchanger designed for industrial use. The product flows through the interior tubes and the service fluid flows through the surrounding shell. [8] (Picture № 6)
Picture № 6 - Industrial multitube heat exchangers – HRS K SERIES
The K Series is an ideal heat exchanger for steam-to-water applications such as CIP heating. Using HRS corrugation technology, heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, effects of fouling are minimised. [8]
Expansion bellows are fitted to absorb the differential expansion between the shell and the inner tubes and multiple units can be interconnected for larger applications. Options include frame mounting, insulation and stainless steel cladding. [8]
The HRS K Series is suitable for applications with low to medium viscosities, CIP heating and general industrial applications. [8]
TECHNICAL DATA
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 304stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Flange
Product side: Tubeplate Flange
All flange types available
Surface Finish:
External: Matt
Internal: Descaled
Other surface finishes available [8]
3)HYGIENIC MULTITUBE HEAT EXCHANGER – HRS MI SERIES
The HRS MI Series is complete stainless steel shell and tube heat exchanger designed for hygienic applications. The product flows through the interior tubes and the service fluid flows through the surrounding shell. [9] (Picture № 7)
Picture № 7 - Hygienic multitube heat exchanger – HRS MI SERIES
The MI Series is an ideal heat exchanger for pasteurisation applications. Using HRS corrugation technology, both heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, potential fouling is minimised.
Expansion bellows are fitted to absorb the differential expansion between the shell and the inner tubes. Multiple units can be interconnected for larger applications. Options include frame mounting, insulation and stainless steel cladding. [9]
The HRS MI Series is suitable for products with low to medium viscosities in hygienic applications.
TECHNICAL DATA
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 304 stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Flange
Product side: Clamp
All flange & clamp types available
Surface Finish:
External: Polished
Internal: <0.8μ
Other surface finishes available [9]
4)HYGIENIC MULTITUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS WITH REMOVABLE TUBES – HRS MR SERIES
The HRS MR Series is a complete stainless steel shell and tube heat exchanger designed for hygienic applications.The product flows through both the inner tube and the surrounding shell for regeneration duties. The removable tubes allow hygienic processing on the shell side. [10] (Picture № 8)
Picture № 8 - Hygienic multitube heat exchangers with removable tubes – HRS MR SERIES
The MR Series is an ideal heat exchanger for direct product-to-product heat recovery. Using HRS corrugation technology, heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, effects of fouling are minimised. [10]
Expansion bellows are fitted to absorb the differential expansion between the shell and the inner tubes. Multiple units can be interconnected for larger applications. Options include frame mounting, insulation and stainless steel cladding. [10]
The HRS MR Series is suitable for products with low to medium viscosities in hygienic applications.
TECHNICAL DATA
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Clamp
Product side: Clamp
All clamp types available
Surface Finish:
External: Polished
Internal: <0.8μ
Other surface finishes available [10]
5) MULTIPASS HEAT EXCHANGERS – HRS MP SERIES
The HRS MP Series is a complete stainless steel multitube heat exchanger, its design is ideal for hygienic and industrial applications.
Using multiple passes on the tube side offers greater flexibility for optimising fluid velocity, pressure drop and heat transfer. [11] ( Picture № 9)
Picture № 9 Multipass heat exchangers – HRS MP SERIES
The unique design creates longer thermal length within the same module, avoiding designs with multiple modules and interconnecting bends. Using HRS corrugation technology, both heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, potential fouling is minimised.
Expansions bellows are fitted to absorb the differential expansion between the shell and the inner tubes. Multiple units can be interconnected for larger applications. Options include frame mounting, insulation and stainless steel cladding. [11]
The HRS MP Series is suitable for applications which has low to medium viscosity fluids in food industry.
TECHNICAL DATA
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 304/316L stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Flange
Product side: Clamp
All flange & clamp types available
Surface Finish:
External: Polished
Internal: <0.8μ
Other surface finishes available [11]
6)DOUBLE TUBEPLATE HYGIENIC HEAT EXCHANGERS – HRS SH SERIES
The HRS SH Series is a multitube shell and tube heat exchanger designed with the added security of a double tubeplate, providing leak detection to avoid cross contamination between the service and product fluids. The HRS SH series is perfect for hygienic applications.[12] (Picture № 10)
Picture № 10 - Double tubeplate hygienic heat exchangers – HRS SH SERIES
Using our corrugation technology, heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, potential fouling is minimised. [12]
Typical applications of the HRS SH Series heat exchangers include:
Personal Care
Food and Beverages
Potable Water
TECHNICAL DATA
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 304/316L stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Flange
Product side: Clamp
All flange & clamp types available
Surface Finish:
External: Polished
Internal: <0.8μ [12]
7)DOUBLE TUBEPLATE INDUSTRIAL HEAT EXCHANGERS – HRS SI SERIES
The HRS SI Series is a multitube shell and tube heat exchanger designed with the added security of a double tubeplate, providing leak detection to avoid cross contamination between the service and product fluids. The HRS SI series is perfect for industrial applications. [13]
Using our corrugation technology, heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, potential fouling is minimised.
Typical applications of the HRS SI Series heat exchangers include:
Chemicals
River Water
Oil
TECHNICAL DATA
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 304/316L stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Flange
Product side: Clamp/Flange
All flange & clamp types available
Surface Finish:
External: Matt
Internal: Matt [13]
8) DOUBLE TUBEPLATE PHARMACEUTICAL HEAT EXCHANGERS – HRS SP SERIES
The HRS SP Series is a multitube shell and tube heat exchanger designed with the added security of a double tubeplate, providing leak detection to avoid cross contamination between the service and product fluids. The HRS SP series is perfect for pharmaceutical applications. [14] (Picture № 11)
Picture № 11 - Double tubeplate pharmaceutical heat exchangers – HRS SP SERIES
Using our corrugation technology, heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, potential fouling is minimised. [14]
Typical applications of the HRS SP Series heat exchangers include:
Water for Injection (WFI)
Purified Water
TECHNICAL DATA
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 304/316L stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Flange
Product side: Clamp
All flange & clamp types available
Surface Finish:
External: Polished
Internal: <0.4μ and <0.5μ
Electropolished version available [14]
1.3ANNULAR SPACE – HRS AS SERIES
The HRS AS Series is a fully stainless steel heat exchanger consisting of three or four concentric tubes. The product flows through the annular space and the service fluid flows through the inner and outer tubes to ensure even heating and cooling. The removable inner tube allows for easy inspection of the annular space.
Using HRS’ corrugated tubes technology, both heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, potential fouling is minimised. [15]
An expansion bellow is fitted to absorb the differential expansion between the shell and annular space. For larger installations, multiple units can be interconnected and have the option of frame mounting, which can be insulated and cladded in stainless steel. [15]
1)ANNULAR SPACE HEAT EXCHANGERS – HRS AS 3 SERIES
The HRS AS 3 Series is a fully stainless steel, triple tube heat exchanger designed for applications with viscous products. The product flows through the annular space and the service fluid flows through the inner and outer tubes to ensure even heating or cooling. (Picture № 12)
Picture № 12 - Annular space heat exchangers – HRS AS 3 SERIES
The removable inner tube allows for easy inspection of the annular space. Using HRS’ corrugated tube technology, both heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, potential fouling is minimised. [16]
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS OF THE HRS AS 3 SERIES HEAT EXCHANGER INCLUDE:
Higher viscosity products
Fluids containing fibres or small particulates
TECHNICAL DATA:
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 304 stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Flange
Product side: Clamp
All flange & clamp types available
Surface Finish:
External: Polished
Internal: <0.8μ
Other surface finishes available
Standard Design Conditions:
Service Side: 10 bar/150°C
Product Side: 10 bar/150°C [16]
2) ANNULAR SPACE HEAT EXCHANGERS – HRS AS 4 SERIES
The HRS AS 4 Series is a complete stainless steel quadruple tube heat exchanger designed for applications with viscous fluids. The product flows through the annular space and the service fluid flows through the service tubes to ensure even heating or cooling. The removable inner tube allows for easy inspection of annular space. Using HRS’ corrugation technology, heat transfer and efficiency are increased over standard smooth tube heat exchangers. In addition, effects of fouling are minimised. [17]
With the HRS AS 4 Series it is possible to offer designs with a high pressure on product side due to increased tube wall thickness. This makes it the ideal heat exchanger for very highly viscous food industry applications. [17]
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS OF THE HRS AS 4 SERIES HEAT EXCHANGER INCLUDE:
Higher viscosity products
Fluids containing fibres or small particulates
High Pressure Applications
TECHNICAL DATA:
Standard Materials of Construction:
Service side: AISI 304 stainless steel
Product side: AISI 316L stainless steel
Other material options available
Standard Connections:
Service side: Flange
Product side: Clamp
All flange & clamp types available
Surface Finish:
External: Polished
Internal: <0.8μ
Other surface finishes available
Standard Design Conditions:
Service Side: 10 bar/150°C
Product Side: 25 bar/150°C [17]
Conclusion
As a result of the review of heat exchangers, we have identified and described the following types: tube-in-tube heat exchangers, shell-and-tube heat exchangers, ring-gap heat exchangers for a large number of industries and their technical characteristics.
The survey data obtained will be useful in designing a new heat exchanger model for use in ventilation.
Listofsourcesused
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