XII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2020

To create a great building, you need a pencil, a piece of paper and imagination.

When does architecture become a fine art? Architecture as the art and techniques of designing buildings deals not only with clear-cut lines, calculations and lifeless stones. It is much more. Architecture is everywhere. It is a long and creative process. Firstly, an architect takes an idea, and then shapes it into a drawing.

The term “drawing” has a very broad meaning. It’s not only “an artist's use of line to make a picture” [5]. Its definition includes “the use of color, shading, and other elements in addition to line” [5]. The first drawings on the walls or ceilings of caves in Europe date from 30,000 to 10,000 B.C. (Appx., fig. 1).

Architects use drawings all the time (Appx., fig. 2). They use sketches to illustrate ideas, visualize orders and solve problems. Drawing is a way of representing anything: a house, an interior (Appx., fig.3), an idea, etc. That is why, the skill of architectural drawing is one of the most necessary tools for designing.

An architect should think not only about the shape of a building, but of the landscape as well. Any architectural building should harmonize with nature. This philosophy emerged in the 20^th century.

A drawing shows the author’s mood and character because an architect imports his feeling, ideas, senses in every line of his work. It is vividly represented in Santiago Calatrava’s futuristic and free architecture which is full of movements and emotions. His works resemble living organisms.

Peter Eisenman, an American architect, is known for his radical designs (Appx., fig.7). The architect represented high modernism or deconstructive style. He didn’t deal with actual construction but with diagrams. “In his designs he fragmented existing architectural models in a way that drew upon concepts from philosophy and linguistics” [7].

The advent of computers has significantly influenced methods of design and given new possibilities of using organic shapes in architecture. Today most drawings are created on computers using different software (Appx., fig. 4).

Software allows you to work and complete your project faster; it’s easy to define and solve a problem. Besides, CAD drawings are easily read. But CAD software is useful only in skillful hands. Pencil drawing is still very popular with architects. As for me, it’s a real pleasure to draw with a pencil and paper (Appx., fig. 5, 6).

Architectural drawings can be quick five-minute sketches, conveying an idea, or detailed drawings that demonstrate a particular concept. They allow us to explore in 2 dimensional and 3 dimensional forms, so we can react on or modify our designs. Producing architectural drawings is a key part of the design process. It is the quickest and most direct way for us to express our thoughts. Architectural drawings expand our creativity. It is a practical tool to solve a design problem. 

List of references:

Stamp G. The Great Perspectivists. RIBA Drawings Series, published by Trefoil Books, London, 1982, 144 p.

URL:https://www.firstinarchitecture.co.uk/architectural-drawing-and-sketching/

URL: https://thearchitect.pro/ru/news/4359-Sketchi_velikih_arhitektorov

Architectural Drawing: A Visual Compendium of Types and Methods / Rendow Yee. 2nd Edition. Wiley, 2002, 653 р.

URL: https://www.scholastic.com/browse/article.jsp?id=3753864

URL: https://www.firstinarchitecture.co.uk/architectural-drawing-and-sketching/

URL: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Peter-EisenmanAppendix.

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