XII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2020

Natural gas exports continue to be the basis for the stability of many States ' domestic economies. Russia is no exception, which annually produces about 642 billion m3 of "blue" fuel and is on the 2nd place after the United States (751 billion m3). Working with such significant volumes requires constant development and improvement of the industry, in particular – the emergence of new gas technologies. So what developments are actively used by specialists today? GeoMate: how information systems help geologists Professional software (SOFTWARE) is used by representatives of geological modeling for a long time and thoroughly, because it allows you to set the features of rocks, properly study the thickness, estimate the amount of reserves, analyze the process of future drilling and well characteristics, etc.However, against the background of political contradictions and economic crises, it becomes increasingly difficult for specialists to access the latest computer developments and equipment.

One of the main representatives of the domestic gas industry – Gazprom-decided to cope with this problem. Employees of a transnational Corporation engaged in oil, gas and gas condensate exploration created a new technological software environment for geologists, "GeoMate", where they built: high-precision mathematical modules; a database of key geological and geophysical data (data on seismic activity, maps, results of studies of rock samples( cores), information on soil sensitivity, etc.); the ability to automatically execute and send reporting documentation to government agencies, partners and colleagues.

"GeoMate" is able to reduce the time spent on operations by 20%, while allowing the geologist to perform up to 80% of its standard actions. The main objectives of the program-is to help in: Rapid identification of potentially gas-rich areas. Of detail layers. Using all available indicators to build models. Making decisions on the development of the most promising fields on the basis of diverse information. Today, this SOFTWARE is used in the largest West Siberian oil and gas basin

Here, "GeoMate" avoids undesirable consequences: for example, accidents associated with significant mobility of residual reserves, or low production rates caused by the occurrence of gas in the deep layers (2000-3000 m).

Neural network

Another new technology of the gas industry is the involvement of artificial neural networks (ANNs) in the development of deposits. Interesting fact! Ins are mathematical self-governing models with software and hardware implementation. They are able to work with simple signals, thus ensuring the performance of quite complex tasks. The desire to actively develop this direction was stated by several organizations – all the same "Gazprom" in cooperation with the Moscow Institute of physics and technology (MIPT), Russian state University of oil and gas. I. M. Gubkina and others. Such machine learning is planned to be used to save tens of millions of rubles, which are now spent on the analysis of rock samples (cores, or sections).

So far, the only way to make predictions is to conduct primary drilling, take a sample from a depth of several thousand meters and carefully examine its mechanical, chemical, structural, mineralogical, spectral and other characteristics. However, the unique program, the code for which is already available at the moment, will help specialists to develop regions without recourse to cores.

For the development of deposits it will be enough to use "digital twins" of thin sections. Information about them will be collected in a single database that combines the combined experience of drilling of mankind in its history. Artificial neural networks will be another milestone in the" digitization " of the domestic gas and oil industry.

Light scattering by Photocor Complex equipment

Another technology used for the safe extraction of "blue" fuel is the method of dynamic light scattering (DLS). Another name for this method is photon correlation spectroscopy (FCS). It allows in laboratory conditions and in non-contact mode to measure microscopic particles in advance, thereby making conclusions about the velocity of liquid and gas flows in soils.

Since the DLS method is characterized by accuracy and speed, suppliers of new gas equipment, including from Russia, do not cease to produce constantly improved devices and devices for it. The latest domestic development was Photocor Complex, which has already been investigated 3-component gas mixture consisting of methane, propane and pentane. Experts were able to successfully determine what temperature, pressure and density are critical for this substance, what diffusion coefficient it has, what its isochores look like (i.e., what is the density of the substance). lines reflecting the ratio of gas pressure and temperature) and other important parameters.

Ultrasonic effect on the condensate

In modern conditions, the state of liquefied petroleum gases, which are used by the majority of the population for heating, for refueling cars as alternative sources of fuel or for the production of various petrochemical products, is only getting worse. Among the deposits are increasingly found such where to produce "blue" fuel is simply unprofitable, because it contains impurities in excess quantities, heavy fractions (water and alkalis), solid particles of dust or smoke. But gas cleaning, according to GOST, should be carried out as long as it is in all respects will not meet the standard.

That is why the relevance of a relatively new technology of the gas industry-the maximum "development" of existing zones in order to obtain from their depths of valuable material. For this purpose, the production well is intensified by ultrasonic action. It allows you to clean the bottom-hole zone, which is often clogged with falling condensate and reduces the total amount of extracted raw materials. To do this, the site must be affected acoustically using a set of ultrasonic equipment, characterized by low cost and environmental safety. It usually includes:

electronic ultrasonic generator; a pair of downhole emitters; lift with geophysical cable; standard field and logging equipment (probes, locators couplings, springs, cables, equipment, etc.). Such a procedure can be carried out in a day, even a specialist who has not been trained to conduct it professionally.

References:

Zhila A.V. - "Gas networks and installations" Ed.Academy 2005.

Bryukhanov O. N.-Fundamentals of operation of equipment and gas supply systems: Textbook-M.: INFRA-M, 2005-256C.

Intersectoral rules on labor protection in the operation of the gas industry organizations-Moscow "Publishing house NC ENAS" 2007.

Technical operation of gas distribution systems. The main provisions of OST 153-39.-051-2003 St. Petersburg 2005

Intersectoral rules on labor protection in the operation of the gas economy of the organization-St. Petersburg 2009

Kazimov K. G.-Device and operation of gas economy, publishing center "Academy", 2004.

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