XII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2020

R esume: This article discusses the history of the great coach who has dedicated the «Manchester United» team 26 years. From his appointment to «Manchester United» in 1986, when the start of Ferguson’s coaching career was not entirely outstanding, and until 2013, when Sir Alex Ferguson had already reached coaching heights, there were Champions League cups, England cups, super cups, England championships and his famous saying.

Now that world football has changed: the values of players have changed, the scouting of players has changed, the football world as a whole has changed. Over time, not only football has changed, but also the coach and their work in the club, the construction of tactical schemes, work with players, both team and individual. Over time, really great coaches began to be forgotten, if now you approach any young man aged 10-18 and ask who they consider to be the best football coach, then the personalities the answer will be: Jose Mourinho, Pep Guardiola and maybe, Zinedine Zidane, but those who were born in the 90s can call such a name as - Sir Alex Ferguson. An outstanding Scottish coach, who devoted 26 years to one club and won 38 trophies with him.

November 6, 1986, English Manchester is an industrial city, there are two football clubs that play in the top division of England there are legends from each team. The «Manchester United» team is not a business as such the residents of the city are annoyed that the championship in England is taken by the neighbors from Manchester – «Liverpool».

“Liverpool” at that time was the stable champion of England, won in face-to-face meetings with United, considering that from Manchester to Liverpool 40 minutes by car, the animosity between the fans of that and other teams was heating up. Manchester has its own stars: Magra, Trobson, but they began to take the leading position, and Ron Atkenson could not hold them. Then the management of «Manchester United» chooses as a new head coach, Alex Ferguson, a young, ambitious with non-standard methods of teamwork, coach of the old football school. It was the old direction of the coach that helped “shake” United: the coach could yell and scream at the players, put forward conditions in which overweight, exhausting workouts, various psychological motivational-team management tools were not allowed, but did the trick.

In the first season of his work at the club, the coach saved the team from the relegation zone to the minor division, but United then took 11th place in the championship with 56 points, won 14 games, tied 14 games and lost 14 games. Ferguson saw the potential in the team, and he makes his famous statement “My main challenge was not what is happening at the moment, my main challenge was to throw «Liverpool» off their perch. So you can print it. ”Then Ferguson went the way non-standard for the coaches of that time, he could take the best age-old, experienced players at the same time and play the youth, he immediately chose these two areas and began to put them into practice. He devoted a lot of time to scouting, choosing both young and promising footballers, and ready-made, matured footballers. Ferguson was engaged in the competent construction of this complex process at that time, while signing strong football players of that time: Steve Bruce, Mark Hughes. All of them were bought by United in the first three years. In his second season, Ferguson and the team took the second place (81 points scored) in the championship, losing only to Liverpool the first place (90 points scored).

 There is a well-known theory that the coach builds a team in three seasons at the first season the coach meets with the team, the players individually and their playing abilities. At the second season the coach is already building a team for himself, putting his own style to the team. And the third season is a fight for the championship. After three seasons «Manchester United», under the leadership of Alex Ferguson, could not win a single trophy and the club management, despite the failures, continued to believe in the coach and let him work. The management of the club referred to the competently built internal infrastructure of the club, which was at a good level, the developed scouting has borne bruit because the young 17-year-old player Ryan Giggz came out for season 4. Giggs is the only player to score in the twenty-one season of the Premier League in a row from its inception in the 1992/93 season to the 2012/13 season. He is also the first player to score in eleven Champions League games in a row. Ferguson worked best in the transfer market and could pay a lot of money for players at that time. He is one of the first to simultaneously spent a lot of money for strong players and “grow his youth”. Ferguson made the balance that Yoon brought United trophies. He could, thanks to his authority, pick up a United player from any other club in England. The long-awaited trophy for Ferguson at United was the victory in the UEFA Cup Winners Cup - 1990/1991 when «Manchester United» beat «Barcelona» in the final match. It was a triumphant return of English football to European competition after a five-year ban after the Eisel tragedy. And only for season 7 in 1992/1993, «Manchester United» became the champion of England, gaining 84 points in the championship. The following season «Manchester United» repeats the championship in England with 92 points. The reason for this was the transfers Alex Ferguson was able to arrange: Before the start of the season, Roy Keane became the most expensive player bought by an English club. The 22-year-old Irish midfielder moved from «Nottingham Forest» to the First Division to «Manchester United» for 3.75 million pounds. Thus, «Manchester United» led the Premier League for most of the season, and eventually won the league title, ahead of the closest pursuers, «Blackburn Rovers», by eight points. In addition in the same season «Manchester United» won the FA Cup, beat London 4-0 in «Chelsea» in the final match. United was only the fourth English club to win such a home double in the 20th century after «Tottenham Hotspur» in 1961, «Arsenal» in 1971 and «Liverpool» in 1986. The club was spending 30 million feet at that time.

T he invincibility of «Manchester United» lasted until 1997/1998, (the exception is the 1994-1995 season, then «Blackburn Rovers» became the champion of England and flew to the minor league in 1999.) The «London Arsenal» under the leadership of Arsen Wenger then took the championship. The following season «Manchester United» regains the title of championship. «Arsenal» is in second place. The next three years there was a confrontation between two great coaches: Alex Ferguson and Arsene Wenger, who headed the «London Arsenal» The English football table practically did not change for three years: most often the championship was taken by «Manchester United» and sometimes the «London Arsenal» It was a golden confrontation between two great English teams and respected coaches. Season 1998/1999 «Manchester United», led by Alex Ferguson, wins the gold treble: become the Champions of England, win the FA Cup and beat «Bayern Munich» from Munich with a score of 2: 1 in the Champions League final. In the zero years, football began to develop as a business.

But it’s worthwhile to understand that Ferguson was not just a coach, he was a manager, which made his work more productive in the club. In 2004/2005 a young, ambitious coach with a complex nature, Jose Mourinho, came to football and won the championship in England with «Chelsea», breaking the hegemony of «Manchester United» and «Arsenal» But correctly analyzing the situation, making strong purchases in the transfer market, Alex Ferguson, after two lost «Chelsea» seasons, regains his championship in England again, balancing with adult and star young players. The next four seasons, «Manchester United» won 3 championships and the last one lost to «Chelsea», in which Jose Mourinho returned. The 2008 season, «Manchester United» plays with «Chelsea» in the Champions League final in Moscow, where Ferguson's team defeats the former team of Jose Mourinho and «Manchester United» become, the owner of the second Champions Cup.

In 2010, Alex Ferguson officially became the longest-training coach in the history of United, for more than 24 years he worked in the club. May 14, 2011 Ferguson does what he promised to do when he came to the club - “throws «Liverpool» off his perch” - 19 champion titles and “Liverpool” ceases to be the most titled club in England, it became “Manchester United.” But Ferguson didn’t stops he becomes the twenty-time champion of England. Ferguson was able to do what he talked about when he came to the club. «Manchester City» became the champion of England unexpectedly for everyone in the 2011/2012 season, and this was one of the signs that in the future the dominant roles in the English League will change, as «Manchester City» will be replaced by the owners¸ who in turn sponsored the club with a lot of money. After that, in 2012/2013, United won his last England title at Ferguson. At the end of this season, Sir Alexes Ferguson resigned as United, head coach and so far no one has been able to repeat his success in England after his departure.

38 trophies were taken by Sir Alex Fergsyon from «Manchester United»: - 13 championships in England, five-time winner of the FA Cup, four-time winner of the Football League cup, ten-time winner of the English Super Cup, two-time winner of the Champions League Cup, winner of the Cup Winners Cup, winner of the UEFA Super Cup, inter-UEFA Super Cup, inter-UEFA Super Cup, Cup, winner of the Club World Championship. Historically, Sir Alex Ferguson is the strongest trainer of his time and continues to be. He was able to realize his managerial potential making a name for both himself and «Manchester United».