XII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2020

Recently, innovative home heating systems are considered more and more popular and in demand in private homes. This can be explained by the fact that any owner would like to rationally calculate all the heat costs. If you save on an energy carrier, then reducing the cost of heating the house will lead to more uncomfortable living conditions, which is unacceptable. This is the main reason that quite a few owners of private houses want to abandon the usual air or water type heating system and switch to modern heating systems. Recently, heating has begun to gain popularity, for which other alternative sources of thermal energy can be used - this is modern heating of a private house.

All modern heating systems of private houses and other residential buildings can be divided into 2 groups. The first includes traditional methods of heating, where a single source of heat is used - a boiler operating on one or more energy sources. At the same time, thermal energy is distributed throughout the premises by means of a coolant - water or air. Here, innovative solutions are aimed at improving heating equipment by increasing its heat transfer, as well as the introduction of modern automation tools.

The following are examples of the best innovations in the field of heating appliances and technologies.

The use of condensing boilers to replace traditional gas boilers.

Traditional gas boilers burn natural gas or propane to heat the water in a home heating system. These boilers are vented to the outside via a chimney flue or vent pipe. Traditional boilers typically operate at higher temperatures, which means that a portion of heat is vented to the outside during the combustion process. Depending upon its age and type, a traditional non-condensing boiler will typically be 80% to 85% efficient.

Condensing boilers, are extremely energy efficient because they are able to provide ample heat for a home heating system while operating at lower temperatures. The result of operating at these temperatures is that condensation happens within the venting system of these boilers. Condensation can be harmful to the heat exchangers of traditional boilers, but the heat exchangers of condensing boilers are designed to operate in this manner and are not harmed by the condensation process.Lower operating temperatures result in less energy consumption and keep more heat in the heating system. Good condensing boilers can attain energy efficiency of 90% or more.

Warm floor system.

Floor heating, also called radiant floor heating, is a luxurious home feature and a popular trend in new housing, as well as in renovations that focus on clean, comfortable, design-led living. Although there’s no denying underfloor heating is the coziest way to warm your toes, is it worth the extra cost and hassle? Or should you just stick to traditional radiators to warm your house? 

There are two types of radiant floor heating, electric and water-based systems. Both provide heating in a room from the floor up for consistent, efficient warmth. Warm water systems run hot water through pipes to create heat, whereas electric underfloor heating heats wiring beneath the floor to generate heat.

Traditional radiators need to be heated to a high temperature (between 149-167 degrees Fahrenheit / 65-75 degrees Celsius) in order to heat up a room effectively, whereas floor heating only needs to run at a temperature of 84 degrees Fahrenheit / 29 degrees Celsius or less, depending on the floor finish, in order to warm the room – thereby consuming less energy, and keeping your energy bills far lower.

Furthermore, radiators heat the air nearest them first, which is why rooms heated by radiators are prone to “cold spots”, meaning that the air feels cold in the middle of the room and very hot next to the radiators. This usually results in opening a window above the radiator to bring some fresh air in, and there we go again, letting all that energy paid to warm up the house escape out of the window. Radiant heat provides warmth from the floor up throughout the room without any cold spots or stuffiness in the area being heated.

To summarize, unlike traditional radiators which can make a room feel chilly at times and too hot at other times, underfloor heating does not overheat – instead, it achieves the desired temperature set by you using an on-the-wall thermostat.

Radiant heat provides an average saving of 15% on heating bills thanks to the efficient way it warms a home.

Once installed, underfloor heating needs virtually no maintenance and comes with a 30 Year Guarantee for total peace of mind. The Warmup heating controllers will ensure that your heating runs in the most efficient manner either automatically with a Smart WiFi Thermostat, or, if you wish, with a programmable thermostat that can be programmed to ensure the heating comes on at certain times, giving you the option to switch it off at night time.

With radiant floor heating, you’re able to enjoy your whole room without radiators on the walls. Even the most modern radiators take up room on a wall, so imagine the design freedom you have with heated floors – you can decorate the walls as you wish, to really make a statement or simply achieve the minimalist look, whatever your style, and free from having to plan around radiators.

Underfloor heating gives you the freedom to design your home as you wish, making the most of all the wall and floor space. And you’re still free to choose the floor type that you want as floor heating works well with laminate, wood, tile, stone, carpet and more.

When you have underfloor heating, you no longer need to worry about sharp edges or hot surfaces of radiators when younger family members are in the house. The heating system is safely tucked out of the way and won’t get too hot to the touch.

Radiant heat is also much better for the air quality in a room since it keeps the air fresh and oxygen-rich. On the other hand, high temperatures caused by radiators increase discomfort and reduce oxygen levels. The thermal circulation from air rising to the ceiling and then back gets all the dust going in circles which will not happen with a floor heating system.

Infrared heater system

Infrared heating works by heating the surface area of a room, rather than the volume (as is the case the traditional convection heaters), which means they are heating considerably less to provide the same amount of heat.

Infrared heating is a fairly recent addition to the domestic and commercial heating scene. It is emitted from the heater, which then travels unimpeded through the air until it hits an object. The object absorbs the radiation, causing molecules within it to vibrate, producing heat.

If the waves come into contact with humans, they will travel about an inch into the body providing a feeling of deep heat, but even if you are not directly in the way of the waves, any solid body will vibrate when the waves hit them, causing them to radiate heat back towards you.

Despite being able to purchase gas, oil and solid fuel infrared heaters, we suggest using electric infrared panels in the home, since you do not need to integrate any pipe work or fuel storage facilities when you install the panels. There are also no direct emissions associated with using the electrical panels (and if you use them in conjunction with solar panels you get 100% emission free heating). They also can be placed high up on the walls or the ceiling, so they will be easy to keep away from pets and children (they get about as warm as a standard radiator). The electric panels come in numerous sizes and certain models can double up as mirrors. Since they have no moving parts, they operate in complete silence, which makes them ideal for bedrooms.

In addition, you are heating solid walls or objects with infrared radiation and these have a thermal mass, which means they retain heat and help keep the home cosy. Conversely, air has no thermal mass, so in the case of traditional convection-warmed rooms, when a door is opened, the hot air will quickly escape; requiring you to reheat the room to feel warm again. One brilliant factor in favour of these panels is the ability to provide the home with a fully-zoned property. Unlike central heating systems, the panels can be switched on in individual rooms using the thermostats. This means that heating is only fully used when required. If you think how much energy is wasted in rooms that do not need to be heated, such as guest bedrooms, this is a real benefit.

Electric infrared panels also only take about 30 seconds to reach full operating temperature and therefore are much more efficient at heating a space than conventional space heating heaters. The heat is also contained in the thermal mass of the room surfaces, as opposed to the heat. This means that it stays warmer for longer and draughts do not play as large a part when compared with convection heaters.

Info and image source

1. https://www.usboiler.net/what-is-condensing-gas-boiler.html

2. https://www.warmup.com/blog/pros-cons-of-radiant-floor-heating

3. https://www.thegreenage.co.uk/tech/infrared-heating-panels/

4. http://www.greenspec.co.uk/building-design/solar-collectors/

5. http://bauvonhaeusern.de/en/content/warm-air-heating-systems

6. https://www.carneyphc.com/blog/heating/what-is-forced-air-heating/

7. https://www.popularmechanics.com

8.https://cotlix.com/

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