XII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2020

General information

Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov (September 9 (22), 1900, Kamennoye, Tver Province - December 15, 1964, Moscow) - Soviet linguist, lexicographer, doctor of philological sciences, professor. The author of many editions of the Dictionary of the Russian Language. One of the compilers of the Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language, edited by D. N. Ushakov (1935-1940).

Sergei Ozhegov was born on September 9 (22), 1900 in the village of Kamennoye (now the city of Kuvshinovo) of the Tver province in the family of the engineer-technologist of the Kamensk Paper and Cardboard Factory Ivan Ivanovich Ozhegov (1871-1931). Sergei Ivanovich was the eldest of three brothers.

On the eve of World War I, the family moved to St. Petersburg, where Sergei graduated from high school. Then he entered the philological faculty of Petrograd University, but classes were soon interrupted - Ozhegov was called to the front. He participated in battles in the west of Russia, in Ukraine. In 1922, Ozhegov finished his military service at the headquarters of the Kharkov Military District and immediately began training at the Faculty of Linguistics and Material Culture of Petrograd University. In 1926, he graduated from this educational institution, receiving a diploma from the University of Leningrad. University professors Viktor Vinogradov and Lev Shcherba recommended him to enter the the Institute of Comparative History of Literature and Languages of West and East. The study was completed in 1929.

In 1936 Ozhegov moved to Moscow. Since 1937 he taught at Moscow universities (MIFLI, MGPI). Since 1939, Ozhegov was a researcher at the Institute of Language and Writing, the Institute of the Russian Language, and the Institute of Linguistics of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

His main works were devoted to Russian lexicology and lexicography, the history of the Russian literary language, sociolinguistics, the culture of Russian speech, the language of individual writers (P. A. Plavilshchikova, I. A. Krylov, A. N. Ostrovsky) and others.

S.I. Ozhegov died in Moscow on December 15, 1964. The urn with his ashes rests in the wall of the necropolis of the Novodevichy cemetery.

Work on dictionaries

In 1935, outstanding Russian and Soviet linguists, V.V. Vinogradov, G.O. Vinokur, B.A. Larin, S.I. Ozhegov, B.V. Tomashevsky, led by D.N. Ushakov, work began over the Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian language. To speed up work on this dictionary, S.I. Ozhegov also moved from Leningrad to Moscow. He became the closest assistant to D. N. Ushakov, cooperation with him left a deep mark in the work of Sergei Ivanovich.

On the basis of the four-volume “Explanatory Dictionary ...” S. I. Ozhegov created a model dictionary for Russian-national dictionaries, which was extremely important for the lexicography developing in the national republics. This vocabulary served as an essential practical tool for compiling bilingual dictionaries.

In 1939-1940 work began on a one-volume dictionary, a plan for its publication was approved, and an editorship was formed, headed by D. N. Ushakov. After his death in 1942, the main author's work in the dictionary was performed by S.I. Ozhegov. G.O. Vinokur and V.A. Petrosyan took part in the compilation of the first edition.

A one-volume dictionary was published in 1949. After completion of the work, the name of S.I. Ozhegov became on a par with the names of V.I. Dahl and D.N. Ushakov.

The dictionary with corrections and updates has been reprinted repeatedly, of which six are the author's lifetime editions, since 1992, with the participation of N. Yu. Shvedova. For decades, the dictionary captures modern common vocabulary, demonstrates the compatibility of words and typical phraseological units. The dictionary of Ozhegov’s dictionary formed the basis of many translated dictionaries.

Ozhegov's Dictionary

"Dictionary of the Russian language" - a normative explanatory dictionary of common vocabulary. Created by Soviet linguist S.I. Ozhegov. During the life of the author, six editions of the Dictionary were published. The first was published in 1949 and contained 50 thousand words. The second (1952) and fourth (1960, 53 thousand words) were corrected and supplemented.

From the 9th (1972) to the 23rd (1991) edition, the Dictionary was edited by N. Yu. Shvedova, which corrected and supplemented the 9th (57 thousand words), corrected the 13th and 16th (1981 and 1984), revised and supplemented the 21st edition (1989, 70 thousand words). In 1992, the Dictionary became known as the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language” (75 thousand words), and for the first time N. Yu. Shvedova was indicated in it as a co-author. The fourth edition (1997) of S.I. Ozhegov and N. Yu. Shvedova replenished more than 5 thousand additions of various kinds. The result of the further development of the Dictionary was “The Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language with Including Information on the Origin of Words” (2007, 82 thousand words) under the editorship and main authorship of N. Yu. Shvedova.

Publications from the 24th (2003) to the 28th (2014) were edited by Professor L. I. Skvortsov.

References

1.Ожегов С.И. // Большая российская энциклопедия. Том 23. — М., 2013. — С. 718—719.

2.Реформатский А. А. Памяти Сергея Ивановича Ожегова (1900—1964) // Вопросы культуры речи.

3.https://www.livelib.ru/author/289272-sergej-ozhegov

4.https://www.calend.ru/persons/5377/

5.Скворцов Л. И. С. И. Ожегов. — М.: Издательство «Просвещение», 1982. — (Люди науки)

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