XII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2020

The State Customs Service in Turkmenistan is a state governing body implementing state policy in the field of regulation of the customs system of Turkmenistan, ensuring compliance with Turkmenistan's international obligations on customs issues. The customs service of Turkmenistan also fights against smuggling and other crimes, administrative offenses in the field of its activities.

The State Customs Service of Turkmenistan was established on November 4, 1991. Also, Turkmenistan is a member of the World Customs Organization.

The main document regulating the activities of the Customs Service is the Customs Code, which entered into force on January 1, 2011. The Customs Code defines the principles of state regulation of customs, contributes to the observance of the interests of the country.

The State Customs Service of Turkmenistan includes its central office, the Training Center under the State Customs Service, customs in regions and cities with regional rights, their customs posts on the territory of Turkmenistan and checkpoints on the state border of Turkmenistan, and other customs authorities.
In total, there are currently 6 customs administrations and 50 customs posts.

With the help of modern technical reequipment and high training requirements, the State Customs Service as a structure has been transformed into a perfect tool for monitoring international and transit freight traffic. All service posts have so far received new buildings or underwent a radical reconstruction with the introduction of advanced customs control methods.

In accordance with modern realities, the level of technical equipment of posts is increasing, working methods are being improved.

Turkmenistan has been a member of the World Customs Organization (WCO) since 1993 and, within its competence, cooperates with international organizations such as the OSCE and UNDP. One aspect of international cooperation in customs is the exchange of experience.Many public service specialists became participants in specialized forums, conferences, underwent internships and continuing education courses abroad.

Thanks to the personal attention of the head of state to improving the work of the Customs Service, various objects were built: houses with service housing, buildings of regional customs and their posts, sports facilities. Recently, a new post has opened in the capital's Ashgabat International Airport, where an automated system for checking goods, cargo and passengers works.

In September 2014, the Central Customs Terminal was opened, built at the intersection of large transport arteries of international road links between Europe and Asia. The terminal is under the responsibility of the Ashgabat city customs department, and there are three combined posts with modern technical equipment, all conditions have been created for the convenience of international freight carriers and the acceleration of trade through the Turkmen border.

The import and export of weapons, ammunition and drugs is prohibited in Turkmenistan. Works of art and antiques may be imported and exported only with the permission of the Ministry of Culture. The export of carpets, jewelry, musical instruments, art and archaeological exhibits, etc. is possible only if there are documents confirming the legality of their acquisition. To remove carpets from Turkmenistan, you must also obtain a certificate from the Carpet Museum in Ashgabat that the carpet has no historical value. In addition, you will have to pay tax, depending on the size of the carpet.Also, customs inspection in Turkmenistan is usually quite long and detailed. It is recommended that you save currency exchange receipts and checks from stores. This will facilitate the export of goods purchased in the country, especially if they were paid for in foreign currency.

Sources of literature used

Popova E.V. Asia:a guide in 5 volumes. T.3. - M .: ITAR-TASS, 2005 .- 471p.

Yernyavsky.S; Babadjanov.A. Problems of interstate relations in Central Asia // Bulletin of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations. - 2008. - No. 4. -15p.

Kuzmina E.M. Turkmenistan at the present stage: problems and development opportunities // Russia and the Muslim world. - 2012. - No. 9. - 90 p.

Information portal of the government of Turkmenistan "Turkmenistan - the golden age." - www.turkmenistan.gov.tm

Electronic newspaper «Turkmenistan:the Golden Age»:http://turkmenistan.gov.tm//id=8025