XI Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2019

Most people recover without antibiotics or other specific treatment in 5-10 days. There is no evidence that antibiotics improve the course of disease, and it is thought that treatment with some antibiotics may precipitate kidney complications. Antidiarrheal agents, such as loperamide (Imodium), should also be avoided. The most common methods of treating water contaminated with E. coli is by using chlorine, ultra-violet light, or ozone, all of which act to kill or inactivate E. coli. Systems, using surface water sources, are required to disinfect to ensure that all bacterial contamination is inactivated, such as E. coli. Systems using ground water sources are not required to disinfect, although many of them do. [1-2].

When the objective of water treatment is to provide drinking water, then we need to select technologies that are not only the best available, but those that will meet local and national quality standards. The primary goals of a water treatment plant for over a century have remained practically the same: ' namely to produce water that is biologically and chemically safe, is appealing to the consumer, and is noncorrosive and nonscaling. Today, plant design has become very complex from discovery of seemingly innumerable chemical substances, the multiplying of regulations, and " trying to satisfy more discriminating palates. In addition to the basics, designers must now keep in mind all manner of legal mandates, as well as public concerns and en-vironmental considerations, to provide an initial prospective of water works engineering planning, design, and operation [2-5].

For inorganic contaminants

The growth of community water supply systems in the United States started in the early 1800s. By 1860, over 400, and by the turn of the century over 3000 major water systems had been built to serve major cities and towns. Many older plants were equipped with slow sand filters. In the mid 1890s, the Louisville Water Company introduced the technologies of coagulation with rapid sand filtration.

The first application of chlorine in potable water was introduced in the 1830s for taste and odor control, at that time diseases were thought to be spread by odors. It was not until the 1890s and the advent of the germ theory of disease that the importance of disinfection in potable water was understood. Chlorination was first introduced on a practical scale in 1908 and then became a common practice.

References

1. Climate Change 2001. Synthesis report. (Cambrige University Press, UK, 2003).

2. G. I. Marchuk, Mathematical Modelling in Environmental Problems (Nauka, Moscow 1982).

3. G. I. Marchuk, Adjoint Equations and Analysis of Complex Systems (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1995).

4. V. V. Penenko, Methods of Numerical Modelling of Atmospheric Processes (Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad, 1981).

5. V. V. Penenko and A. E. Alojan. Models and methods for environment protection problems (Nauka, Novosibirsk, 1985).