XI Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2019

Научный руководитель – Ищенко А.А., к.и.н., доцент кафедры иностранных языков профессиональной коммуникации, Владимирский государственный университет имени А.Г. и Н.Г. Столетовых

The Arc de Triomphe is one of the main symbols of Paris. It is located on Charles de Gaulle Square in the western part of the VIIIth district of Paris. Its construction was begun under the rule of Napoleon I in commemoration of the victories of his “Great Army” in 1806 and completed under the rule of Louis-Philippe in 1836. The architect of the Arc de Triomphe was Jean-Francois-Terez Shalgren. Creating the Arc de Triomphe the architect took as a prototype the Roman Arch of Janus and the Arch of Titus.

          The name of the Square – the Star Square comes from twelve avenues concurring on it and forming the «rays» of an imaginary star.

          The Arc de Triomphe, made in the antique style, has impressive dimensions: its height is 49.51 m, width is 44.82 m and the height of the vault is 29.19 m.

          The Arc de Triomphe is decorated with four sculptural groups; each of them is 18 meters high.

          Six bas-reliefs on the four sides of the arch depict the Empire and scenes of the French Revolution. The attic of the arch is decorated with thirty shields with swords. The names of the major battles of the Revolution and the Empire are engraved on the shields.

          On the frieze of a large entablature there are bas-reliefs: “The Departure of the Army” by sculptors Bruno, Jacques and Lethe and “The Return of the Army” by the sculptors Kayoute, Ryud and Seura.

The platform around the Arc is surrounded by 100 columns symbolizing 100 days (this is the period in French history between the return of Napoleon I to France on March 1, 1815 and the dissolution of the Commission of Napoleon II on July 7, 1815).

There is a museum in the Arc with exhibitions of revolutionary and military battles and other significant events in French history.

           At the foot of the monument, there is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier of the First World War.

          The Arc de Triomphe in Paris is associated with the name of Napoleon: on the eve of the Battle of Austerlitz the Emperor promised his soldiers that they would return home under the vaults of the Arc. By imperial decree on February 18, 1806 the construction of the monument dedicated to the victories of the French Army was begun. The construction of the Arc was fully completed in 1836.

          On July 29, 1836 the Arc was solemnly opened during the celebration of the sixth Anniversary of the Revolution in 1830. In 1896 the Triumphal Arc received the status of a historical monument.

Список литературы:

[Электронный ресурс]. – URL: https://putidorogi-nn.ru/evropa/400-triumfalnaia-arka-v-parizhe

[Электронный ресурс]. – URL: https://arxipedia.ru/istoriya-arxitektury/klassicizm-v-evropejskoj-arxitekture.html

[Электронный ресурс]. – URL: http://visitefrance.ru/parizh/triumfalnaya-arka-v-parizhe.html

[Электронный ресурс]. – URL: https://www.tourister.ru/world/europe/france/city/paris/placeofinterest/965

[Электронный ресурс]. – URL: http://lifeglobe.net/blogs/details?id=594

[Электронный ресурс]. – URL: https://wikiway.com/france/parizh/triumfalnaya-arka-v-parizhe/photo/

[Электронный ресурс]. – URL: https://wiki2.org/ru/Триумфальная_арка_(Париж)