XI Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2019

Architecture as a form of art belongs to the area of spiritual culture of society and forms aesthetic consciousness of people. However, architecture should bear not only an aesthetic function but also take into account all the achievements of modern society. Today applying new technical methods and materials we can implement projects which seemed to be fantastic in the past. Metal structures, glass and polymer products are widely used nowadays in creating different architectural forms, complex shape of objects and plasticity of facades [1].

At the beginning of the 21st century social, cultural and technical development led to the emergence of new requirements both for the construction process and functions of buildings. Such simple concepts as a wall, a window, a roof, a rectangular plan have become irrelevant for modern architecture. Now we are looking for new, unique shapes, shells and structures instead of so recognizable and understandable brick and stone buildings. Nowadays architects create not only a three-dimensional space but strikingly new complex forms. The architects carry out unusual experiments with the interior, solve the problem of space lack by playing of light and shadow and create the illusion of borders [2].

The most popular modern styles are minimalism and hi-tech. The basis of minimalism is the maximum simplification of forms, the lack of external and internal decor as well as minimal surface treatment and restraint of colors. A striking example of minimalism is the Langen Foundation, an art museum in Neuss, Germany which was opened in 2004.

Hi-tech has some common features with minimalism, e.g. the lack of decoration. It is characterized by wide use of metal structures and chrome-plated elements. A striking example of this type of architecture is the hotel Burj al-Arab which forms a part of a hotel complex in the United Arab Emirates – Jumeirah Beach International Resort.

In the 21st century the architects focus on comfort and aesthetics. The main trends of modern architecture are laconism of forms, predominance of lines, harmonization between architecture and nature, predominance of content over forms, functionality, the use of natural materials, energy efficiency.

Architecture is a collective image of human creativity: buildings and structures, sculptures, squares and park areas, decorative elements. Architectural works should be functional, durable, comfortable for human activities and aesthetically satisfied.
Architecture is an art of a certain time and epoch with its canons, moral principles and views on important issues of life.

Список литературы:

1. [Электронный ресурс]. – URL: http://zodchestwo.info/post/105

2. [Электронный ресурс]. – URL: http://www.partner-inform.de/partner/detail/2007/11/240/2647/arhitektura-xxi-veka

3. [Электронный ресурс]. – URL: http://nobeldom.ru/arkhitiektura-21-veka

4. [Электронный ресурс]. – URL: http://www.vokrugsveta.ru/article/212405/