XI Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2019

Everything that surrounds a person, to a greater or lesser degree, affects him. Simple forms, complex forms, forms with sharp corners or completely round — people perceive this differently- sometimes consciously, sometimes unconsciously, all of this affects human activity, emotions, behavior, thoughts and mood. Sometimes the space around a person can downweigh, cause discomfort or alternatively, contribute to efficiency, help to concentrate. A person may not notice this influence. Everything around us consists of various geometric shapes and they have a great influence on human psychology, all geometric shapes accompany us all our lives, starting from small objects and elements and ending with architectural structures or large natural forms. We need to know how they affect a person and how we can use this knowledge. When creating a specific environment we must take into account not only aesthetics but also its influence.

We exist in an urban environment and sometimes do not notice how much the architecture of the city in which we live affects us. Monotonous, boring, drab anonymous houses (especially in autumn and winter period) have a negative impact on the emotional state of a person. We may experience stress, apathy and sadness. But if the city is filled with interesting, bright buildings, if the city has a lot of greenery, the person will be comfortable and cozy. In such an urban environment we will feel happy.

After 1960-s mass construction began in our country. It was impossible to develop an individual project for each house because it would take a lot of time and was not financially profitable. At that time another task was more important – to accommodate all families. that`s why there are many identical, gray and aesthetically inexpressive buildings in our country.

The influence of architecture on man began to be studied at the present day. Many architects consult with specialists before designing their buildings. The use of bright colors, partial transition to smoother rounded forms - all this is aimed at creating a comfortable, psychologically, urban environment.

Color plays a huge role. The color palette of buildings has a very strong impact on us. For example, red color causes breathing and heart acceleration, increases pressure, leads to a state of excitement and aggression. Blue color has a calming effect, it creates a sense of tranquility. Currently, there are paintings of artists having soothing effect on people. For example, the works of Talkambayev, Roerich, D. Davitashvili. But there's a picture that exert downward pressure on people looking at it: "the Scream" by E. Munch, "the Crying boy" by D. Bragolin, "Water lilies" by Monet and others.

An example of a successful renewal of space with the help of color is Polychrome Artplay in Moscow. It is a modern art cluster created on the basis of the former industrial complex. The creators of the project were not afraid to use bright colors in their project and turned the old factory into an interesting art space. Coloristic solution can be called therapeutic: it creates active positive emotions among visitors, awakening a state of joy, play and ease. In such a space, it is easier for a person to get into a discussion. Architecture creates a sense of hospitality. Color gives rise to intense brain activity, makes you think and fantasize. Therefore, many kindergartens are polychrome.

Рicture 1. Art cluster "Artplay" Moscow

In addition to color structural arrangement of the building is also very important. The layout of the building helps people "to communicate" not only with each other but also with nature. For example, the Dutch architect REM Koolhaas designed a house for a person with muscle-skeleton disorder. In his project he did not use ramps that would constantly remind a person of his problem but replaced them with hydraulic platforms. So a famous house in Bordeaux appeared. A large part of the house is located on the second floor from where there is a great view of the surrounding landscape.

Рicture 2. The layout of the house in Bordeaux.

Furthermore, an important aspect that affects the mood of a person and his mental state is the illumination of the room. It is scientific-based that the Sun stimulates the production of several hormones including serotonin, the lack of which can lead to depression and melatonin that helps to regulate our biological clock, sleep and digestion. On the basis of this knowledge the principles called "ecology of light" were developed. So warm light has a calming and relaxing effect (it is best to use in areas for informal communication) and cold shades have an effect similar to the action of coffee (suitable for office work).

On top of everything else we must not forget about the materials. Materials affect both the tactile and the aesthetic side of architecture. Whether the building will become a visual symbol depends on the materials used. For example, successful companies lavishly bankroll for architectural finishing as their architecture should demonstrate the success of their business.

Thus, urban architecture has a strong impact on man and his state of mind. Architecture can suppress a person, create a feeling of anxiety and tension. Therefore, it is very important to choose the shape of the building, its color, the materials used, to create the best lighting conditions. As the American architect Louis Henry Sullivan said, "Architecture is an art that affects a person most slowly but most soundly."

LITERARURE:

1. https://novainfo.ru/article/9798

2. http: //expert.ru/exprealty/2012/04/zhizn-v-tsvete/

3. https://archspeech.com/article/kak-arhitektura-upravlyaet-nami-4-sposoba-vozdeystviya-na-cheloveka