X Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2018

. With the help of modern methods of physical and chemical research it is necessary to determine the dependence of the lower calorific value on the final moisture content of the crushed raw material. Determine the granulometric composition of the crushed raw material, the coefficients of the hydraulic resistance of the stationary layer, and the dependence of the pressure loss on the rate of filtration of the thermal agent. Coefficients of heat and mass transfer, coefficients of internal diffusion of moisture from crushed raw materials in the air and their dependence on temperature, determine the drying time, depending on the process parameters of the process and accordingly develop an effective technology of the drying process, and also develop a schematic diagram of the pilot plant and a technical specification for its manufacturing.

It is known that biomass is a renewable, environmentally friendly fuel and provided it is used rationally, will make it possible to reduce the use of gas, coal and oil for the production of thermal and electric energy. Among the advantages of obtaining energy from biomass is: low cost and environmental safety by the level of emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere when burning the equivalent amount of exhaustible energy sources (oil, gas, coal). The resulting ash can be used as fertilizer for the feeding of the same energy plantations.

To apply the biomass of energy plantations, forestry complex wastes or agriculture, they must be crushed and dried to provide the appropriate mechanical and energy characteristics of briquettes, pallets, pellets. Briquettes, pallets, pellets, have a number of advantages in comparison with the ground mass: high bulk density (allows to reduce transportation costs and volume of warehouses), homogeneity of the structure, the possibility of automation of the combustion process. All this causes widespread use of pallets, briquettes, granules for obtaining thermal and electric energy for industry and in domestic conditions.

By the technology of manufacturing briquettes, pallets, pellets it is provided that the raw material entering granulation must have a moisture content of 6-10% (calculated on a dry basis). At present, dryer drums of the fluidized bed installation, pneumatic transport pipes of the dryer and others, which are characterized by high heat energy costs due to low saturation of the thermal agent with moisture and its high temperature at the outlet from the plant (60 -120^оС) are used for drying the crushed raw material. In most cases, the production uses morally and physically obsolete equipment and scientifically unreasonable drying regimes, therefore, according to statistics on drying processes, currently 2,5-3 times more energy is consumed than is required to convert water into steam. Thus, the study of the drying process to reduce energy consumption is an actual problem. [1,2]

REFERENCES

1.Rudobashta S.P. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie protsessa sushki dispersnykh materialov / S.P. Rudobashta // Energetika: Izvestiya Akademii nauk. – 2000. - №4. – S. 98-109.

2.Aerov M.E., Todes O.M., Narinskiy D.A. Apparaty so statsionarnym zernistym sloem.-. Leningrad: Khimiya.- 1979.

Код для цитирования: Скопировать