X Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2018

The use of Standard English with a Scottish accent began in the 18th century. The Union of the Crowns of Scotland and England in 1603, and then the Union of the Parliaments in 1707 made the official written language of the country the English of England. By 1761 there were Scottish Members of the British Parliament taking lessons to speak correct English. This desirable wish intensified at that time. The official language was English, though, with an accent which could be identified as Scottish accent. This Scottish English exists now together with Scots in an accent and traditional-dialect set-up which you might compare to that in the north of England [1].

The following very helpful notes on Scottish English were kindly provided by Eleanor Lawson, lecturer in phonetics and phonology at Oxford University's phonetics laboratory [2].

It is a feature of Scottish English that they don't have as many vowel sounds as speakers with English accents. Scottish speakers lack about five vowel sounds that English speakers use [2]:

Scottish speakers don't use a schwa sound like English speakers. The sound in 'the' [3] is the same as the sound in 'bit' [2].

Also, for Scottish speakers, 'bird' [3] and 'earth' [3] are not homophones. The vowel in 'earth' will always be the same as the vowel in 'bet' and the vowel in 'bird' can be the same as the vowel in 'but' or 'bit' depending on some peculiarities of local accents and gender of the speaker [2].

Scots also do not differentiate between front and back 'a' sounds as in 'man' [3] and 'calm' [3]; both sounds are always fronted and short [2].

Nor do they differentiate between 'lot' [3] and 'talk' [3]; both these words are homophones for Scottish English speakers and they both have a short vowel in them [2].

In the diphthongs section, two of the sounds which are generally diphthongs, 'coat' [3] and 'face' [3], are actually monophthongs in Scottish English [2].

Note: For words ending in /r/ they don't lose it at the end of words [2][3].

Список литературы:

EdinburghBerlin [Электронный ресурс]. SCOTS A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE LANGUAGE. URL: http://www.edinburghberlin.com/2010/04/scots-a-brief-history-of-the-language/

The online language laboratory [Электронный ресурс]. Scottish English Pronunciation: Notes. URL: http://www.fonetiks.org/notessco.html

YouTube. [Электронный ресурс]. English Course Tube. URL: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCG-wruZl70CvwsJjjmiBJIg

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