X Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2018

It should be noted that spherical houses are endowed with certain technical characteristics:

- such buildings have a round shape that looks along with other houses not just unusually, but also original;

- they are reliably protected from weather and climatic influences: snow, rain, wind. The reason is that the roof of the house has a streamlined shape;

- in these houses the useful area is much larger than in those that have rectilinear forms;

- to build a house-sphere is much easier than a standard house. This will not take much time and effort.

In addition, the construction of house-spheres is seamless. And, hence, a constant temperature regime will be maintained inside. Thanks to this, the roofing structure is also protected against leakage. Even with a strong wind, the house will stand and not collapse.

Outside, such a house may look like one-story, but inside there is a second floor. The most important thing is to properly allocate space.

Advantages of such buildings

Construction of a house-sphere is an advantageous investment of finance. Due to the fact that their forms are diverse, you can create a unique home in a modern style.

Moreover, there is a great savings in the construction of this structure:

20% on the purchase of building materials;

40% on construction work.

Most importantly, the price for development and when registering the project may be different. According to the project it is possible to build such a house independently and there will not be any special difficulties in this. In addition, you can buy ready-made houses, which are demountable structures. It remains only to properly collect and install them on a suburban site.

If there is a desire to expand the living space, it is possible to make extensions to the house of a similar shape freely and thereby bring a highlight to the appearance of the building.

Types of house-spheres

However unusual it may sound, house-spheres can consist of one sphere and several.

All of them perform certain functions. For example, in one small sphere, the entrance area may be located, in the other - a kitchen or an office. Quite often there are other business premises. If the house consists of one sphere, then the space is distributed rationally.

There are various designs of such structures, they can be bought and immediately begin construction. They are quite easy to find. And you can order from a professional architect.

In another way, these houses are called domes. Technologies of their construction came to us from the West and were effectively used by our specialists.

The shapes of the spheres themselves can be round and oval.

If the construction of a two-story house is planned, then the first form of the sphere shape is used. It will be more functional for such works. For the construction of a single-storey house use the second form.

Functionality of structures of this type

Before planning the construction of a house-sphere, it is necessary to determine initially for what purposes a building is being built and what functions it will be endowed with.

So, the house-sphere can be designed for both summer living and year-round living.

They differ in materials for construction. The first option is a lighter house that can be built on a country plot and used as a summer cottage. The basis for this is a metal frame made of shaped thin-walled pipes.

A cover in this case can be practical material. Preference is given to:

- polycarbonate, which gives the residents of the house an extraordinary view of the cloudy or starry sky;

- profiled sheeting with partial glazing;

- CIP-panels, which can be manufactured with a heater and without it.

You can buy dismountable structures of this type and install them yourself on a suburban area with your own hands.

The second version of the house-sphere is a fundamental structure. They make a more solid frame and carry out certain work on insulation and insulation. It also requires an optimal version of the heating system.

What type of heating structure would not be chosen, the house will be warm due to its shape and unusual assembly, installation of the coating.

Build process

Next, the frame of the house is mounted. It is based on load-bearing and additional structures. Use for this purpose strong metal pipes of different size and diameter, channel.

Due to the fact that it is now possible to buy prefabricated houses of this type, the manufacturer provides a special instruction for performing the work for easier assembly.

As a rule, in the process use welding equipment and improvised tools. All the components of the frame are exhibited according to the indices of the building level and only then are fastened together.

Options for external home coverage

Basically, as a coating of a metal frame, use:

- OSB sheets and plywood;

- Any modern finishing material.

And this can be: plastic, corrugated board, plaster, paint, natural and artificial stone, decorative panels. Buy any of them will not be difficult.

If the use of corrugated board is used for coating the frame, it is necessary to make a high-quality insulation of the structure so that it is comfortable inside the house.

Detailed planning of a house-sphere with a rational distribution of space

The standard layout includes: a bedroom, a living room, a kitchen area, utility rooms.

In some cases, the kitchen and living room are combined. If the house has two floors, it is recommended to allocate space for a second bedroom or study.

Choosing the basis for your home

Since the structure will be fundamental, then the basis for it should be strong and reliable. Preference is given to a monolithic foundation, slab, ribbon.

The cost of each of them is different. For example, the most expensive is considered a monolithic appearance of the base. It is also endowed with high strength and reliability.

Stages of construction

Initially, you need to make the base of the selected species. Then the plinth is erected. It will serve as a reliable protection of the structure from the penetration of cold from the frozen ground.

It is laid out at a height of 30-50 cm from the red baked brick, which is considered durable and capable of withstanding significant loads.

To give it a round shape, it is necessary to use a special cutter, but only after the masonry is finished and dried.

Then sheets of insulating material are laid on it. You can use for this paper ruberoid, smeared with resin. This will eliminate the construction from the entry of moisture into the room.

The next stage will be the construction of the frame. Initially mounted load-bearing metal pipes, to which additional amplifiers are attached.

If the house is poured monolithic, then a wooden formwork is made.

Such a process will be phased. Fill the walls of the sphere every day to a height of one meter. At the same time every day must be new.

It is worth considering in this process of erecting a house the number of windows and doorways, since it is possible to cut them out of the monolith, but sometimes it is fraught with the destruction of the wall.

It is not recommended to go straight to finishing any house at once. It takes time for the construction to shrink a little. One week is enough. Firstly, insulating and insulating materials are fixed on the frame and only then proceed to external and internal finishing. On the basis of the monolith, similar means can also be used, but the main refinement is carried out inside the structure.

In principle, to build a house-sphere independently will not be very difficult. For this, there are certain technologies that have similarities with the construction of a simple house with standard forms.

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