IX Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2017

Chronic pharyngitis is a disease in which chronic inflammatory process is localized in mucosa and lymphoid pharyngeal apparatus.

The reasons for such diseases as chronic pharyngitis are:

• wrong or delayed treatment of acute form of the disease;

• allergy;

• chronic inflammatory diseases of the nasopharynx, the upper respiratory tract (rhinitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis);

• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, accompanied by the release from stomach through esophagus of acid content for it irritates the throat and provoke their damage;

• constant influence of negative factors such as excessively dry, dusty or polluted air, chemical fumes, smog;

• bad habits: smoking, alcohol;

• systematic use of extremely cold or hot foods or, sour, salty foods;

• chronic pharyngitis can cause tonsillitis;

• certain endocrine diseases as diabetes, thyroid dysfunction;

• uncontrolled use of vasoconstrictive drops for these tools can trigger thinning mucous of nasopharynx and pharynx.

Exacerbations are usually provoked by negative influences: tobacco smoke, hypothermia, the use of spicy, salty and sour food.

It is extremely important to find out the reasons of disease, because a treatment depend on it.

Chronic pharyngitis develops slowly over many years. Its every exacerbation are replaced by remissions, when all signs of the disease are expressed implicitly. In children, the symptoms of chronic pharyngitis, if aggravation does not occur, may be completely absent, as often in childhood occurs catarrhal type of pharyngitis. In adults, the clinical picture includes:

• mild sore throat;

• the presence of viscous secretions in throat in a small amount;

• feeling that there is a lump in the throat, foreign body ;

• nausea, vomiting reflex appearance with expectoration;

• dryness, irritation in the throat, especially at inhalation of hot or cold air;

• slight cough

• cervical lymphadenitis;

• strengthening of disease symptoms in the morning, gradual subsidence during the day;

If atrophic or hypertrophic chronic pharyngitis is diagnosed, symptoms described above can be combined with a strong sore throat, secretion of nasal mucus, the appearance of halitosis, frequent dry cough. Dried up mucus often forms a crust that can stand out from the throat chunks, causing nausea and vomiting. Gradually the cough begins to torment the patient not only during a day but also at night.

In order to protect oneself from this disease it is necessary to eliminate the factors contributing to its development. It is necessary to give up smoking, drinking alcohol, while working in hazardous environments protective equipment of the respiratory system must be used. There should also be a timely and properly treatment of diseases of the digestive, circulatory and other systems of the body.

For the prevention of disease it is advicable to avoid hypothermia, contacts with people having respiratory diseases, as well as strengthening the immune system.

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