IX Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2017

Vasily Makarovich Shukshin was a Soviet/Russian actor, writer, screenwriter and movie director from the Altay region who specialized in rural themes.

Vasiliy Makarovich Shukshin was born on 25 July 1929 to a peasant family in the village of Srostki in Siberian Krai, USSR, now Altai Krai, Russia. In 1933, his father, Makar Leont'evich Shukshin, was arrested and shot during repressions associated with mandated collectivization. His mother, Maria Sergeyevna (née Popov), had to look after the survival of the entire family. By 1943 Shukshin had finished 7 years of village school and entered an automobile technical school in Biysk. In 1945, after two and a half years at the school, but before finishing, he quit to work in a kolkhoz.

In 1946 Shukshin left his native village and worked as a metal craftsman at several enterprises in the trust Soyuzprommekhanizatsiya: at the turbine plant in Kaluga, at the tractor plant in Vladimir, etc. In 1949, Shukshin was drafted into the Navy. He first served as a sailor in the Baltic Fleet, then a radio operator on the Black Sea. In 1953 he was demobilized due to a stomach ulcer and returned to his native village. Having passed an external exam for high school graduation, he became a teacher of Russian, and later a school principal in Srostki.

In 1954 Shukshin entered the directors department of the VGIK, studied under Mikhail Romm and Sergei Gerasimov, and graduated in 1960. While studying at VGIK in 1958, Shukshin had his first leading role in Marlen Khutsiyev's film Two Fedors and appeared in the graduation film by Andrei Tarkovsky. In 1958 Shukhin published his first short story "Two on the cart" in the magazine Smena. His first collection of stories «Сельские жители» (Village Dwellers) was published in 1963. That same year, he became staff director at the Gorky Film Studio in Moscow. He wrote and directed «Живёт такой парень» (There Is This Lad). The film premiered in 1965, winning top honours at the All-Union Film Festival in Leningrad and the Golden Lion at the XVI International Film Festival in Venice. Shukshin was decorated with the Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1967), and was designated Distinguished Artist of the RSFSR (1969).

The heroes of the books and films of Shukshin - is the Russian people in the Soviet countryside, simple workers with peculiar characters, observation and sharp-tongued.

One of his first heroes, Paschke Kolokolnikov ( "There Is This Lad ") - the village the driver, in whose life "is a place for heroism."

Some of his characters can be called eccentrics, people "not of this world" (short story "Microscope", "Chudik").

Other characters have been ordeal conclusion (Egor Prokudin, "Kalina Krasnaya").

In the works of Shukshin given concise and capacious description of the Russian village, his work is characterized by a profound knowledge of language and life details in the foreground there often go deep moral issues, Russian national and universal values ​​.

One of the most famous film of Vasiliy Shukshin is The Red Snowball Tree. The Red Snowball Tree (Russian: Калина красная, translit. Kalina krasnaya) is a 1974 Soviet drama film directed by Vasily Shukshin. It was the most successful film of that year. In total the film was watched by over 140 million people. German film director and screenwriter Rainer Werner Fassbinder included The Red Snowball Tree in the top ten of his favorite films.

Coming out of the penal colony, a thief-recidivist Yegor Prokudin (Vasili Shukshin) nick-named Grief decides to go to the village where the blue-eyed stranger Lyuba (Lidiya Fedoseyeva-Shukshina), with whom he corresponded by letters, lives. He needs to wait out and to look around. Lyuba appears to love him genuinely, despite his dark past and the strong misgivings of her own parents. Eventually life in the village destroys all of Yegor's plans, and he decides to break with the past forever. The villagers seem to get over their initial distrust to the former convict, and accept him as one of their own. Now he has friends, work and beloved woman. However, the criminals - former friends of Yegor - are not going to put up with his new way of life. One day three of them arrive in a car and try to persuade him to return to the old ways. When this fails, they stab him to death with a knife and leave. Pyotr (Aleksei Vanin), Lyuba's brother, gives them a chase and kills them, crushing their car with his dump-truck.

The cast of this film is:

- Vasili Shukshin as Yegor Prokudin, former burglar

- Lidiya Fedoseyeva-Shukshina as Lyuba Baykalova, Yegor's bride

- Ivan Ryzhov as Fedor Baykalov, Lyuba's father

- Maria Skvortsova as Lyuba's mother

- Aleksei Vanin as Pyotr Baykalov, Lyuba's brother

- Maria Vinogradova as Zoya, Pyotr's wife

- Euphemia Bystrova as Yegor's mother

- Zhanna Prokhorenko as inquisitor

- Lev Durov as Sergey Mikhailovich, ofitsiant

- Alexander Gorbenko as Kolya, former Lyuba's husband

- Nikolai Grabbe as chief of corrective labor colony

- Nikolay Pogodin as diretor of sovkhoz

- Georgi Burkov as Guboshlyop, criminal leader

- Tatyana Gavrilova as Lusyen, criminal girlfriend

- Artur Makarov as Buzya, criminal

- Oleg Korchikov as Shurka, criminal

- Natalya Gvozdikova as telegraph operator

- Iya Arepina as Yegor's sister

But most of all I like the film «When the Trees Were Tall». When the Trees Were Tall (Russian: Когда деревья были большими) is a 1961 Soviet drama film directed by Lev Kulidzhanov. The film was screened at the 1962 Cannes Film Festival.[1]

This film happened to be one of the first for Yuri Nikulin. This was also one of the most significant role for Inna Gulaya's career, female lead role performer in this film. It was also Lydmila Chursina's debut film.

After losing his wife during World War II Veteran Kuzma Kuzmich Iordanov do not work, drinks alcohol, makes up his living by doing some odd jobs. From time to time they call him up at one of the Militia (Police) department to shame him and to threaten him with some jail time because of his "parasitiс" type of living his life, but all that staff does not seem to bother him much.

One time Kuzma agrees to help one old lady to deliver a washing machine to her house (there used to be different fees for doing do - if the building had an elevator - there would be one price for it, if there was not one - then it would cost you more money to deliver it as it requires more time and effort) he accidentally drops it and while running downstairs trying to catch it he stumbles and gets hurt bad enough so they have to take him to the hospital. The same old lady that he was delivering this washing machine for comes and visits him. He gets scared thinking she came to talk to him about the washing machine that he broke but as he realizes later she actually came to see if he was doing fine. As they talk she tells him her life story, as well as the story about one poor orphan child Natasha from her village. Kuzma decides to go out there and try to pretend to be Natasha's father.

Natasha indeed thinks this is her father and so truly believes so, that Kuzma decides to become a different person and stay on the right track. He does want to live a different life now as that poor girl really thinks he is her father - that changes Kuzma and not for his own sake but to make somebody's life better he becomes a new man opposed to the heavy drinker he was before.

Howard Thompson of The New York Times called the film "an odd, fumbling drama" and thought the hero was "the most negative, ground-down and dull protagonist the Soviet Union has sent us in a long time." He added, "Furthermore, the simple story line slides its course crabwise, wedged in between oblique, pretentious photography — some of it fetchingly pastoral — and splintered, meaningless vignettes.

I love the creativity of Basil Shukshin. I have read many of his books and watched many films. What are the only foreign affairs did not burden its validity - and on the farm, he worked, and the Navy has served, and at school he taught and acted in films, and all travel all the length and breadth of our country, is not rested in the fair belief that it is the only and the natural purpose - it is literature that his place - a desktop that his instrument - a ballpen and notebook for a penny.

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