VII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2015

Practically in all paternal manuals on lexicology there is the “The phraseology, idioms, or words combinations” unit. Such a unit is traditionally included in the bulk of lexicology according to the tradition. It is explained by the fact that phraseology is not shaped as a self-contained linguistic discipline [2: 9]. Moreover, we should keep in mind that phraseology was a part of the word's doctrine for a long time in our country and, consequently, a lexicological approach to the phraseological units is not a rare thing. Some scientists refer phraseological units to a lexicon of the concrete language and regard phraseology as a constituent part of lexicology because they think that phraseologisms are word-equivalents and lexicology is a linguistic subject which studies the language lexicon, namely words and their equivalents.

That's why the-total-equivalence-of-the-PU-to-the-word-theory needs a special speculation. It goes back to the theory of expressive facts identification which was created by Ch. Bally who thought that the common feature of the phraseological word combination was its ability (or inability) to be substituted (replaced) by a separate word. Such a word was called by Ch. Bally “the word-identifier”. More than that, Bally considered the availability of such a synonym identifier as a special sign of integrity of the PU.

It was A.V. Kunin, who was the first linguist to state that Ch. Bally's point of view caused an objection [1: 12]. According to A.V. Kunin, the phraseological semantic integrity can not be established in such a way, because variable word combination can also have one-word synonyms, for example, look fixedly = to stare; sufferings of mind or body = pain and many others. Moreover, a lot of PU do not have any word-identifier at all and are able to be identified only by means of variable collocations, for example, drink like a fish = drink too much; in a small way = on a small scale and many others. We should also keep in mind that proverbs and sayings, i.e. phraseological units with a sentence structure, can be identified only by means of another sentence/ sentences, or the context, for example, birds of a feather flock together – people who have the same interests, ideas, etc. are attracted to each other and stay close together; the blind leading the blind – a situation in which the person who is leading or advising others knows as little as they do.

The term “equivalent of the word” was created by L.V. Scherba. He thought that such a group of words denoted one concept and was a potential equivalent of the word. Indeed, a little group of the words, being a collocation, could denote a concept.

To sum it up, we maintain, after A.V. Kunin, that the semantic integrity of the PU can be established by means of comparison the PU meaning and the meanings of its components as single words [3: 42], on the one hand, and by means of finding out the peculiarities of its use in the context, on the other hand.

References

1. Кунин А.В. Курс фразеологии современного английского языка: Учеб. для ин-тов и фак. иностр. яз. – 2-е изд., перераб. – М.: Высш. шк., Дубна: Изд. центр «Феникс», 1996. – 381 с.

2. Кунин А.В. Основные понятия английской фразеологии как лингвистической дисциплины и создание англо-русского фразеологического словаря: Дис… д-ра филол. наук. – М., 1964. – 1229 с.

3. Федуленкова Т.Н. Изоморфизм и алломорфизм в германской фразеологии (на материале английского, немецкого и шведского языков): Дис. … д-ра филол. наук. – Северодвинск, 2006. – 544 с.

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