VII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2015

Traffic lights - is an optical signaling for regulating the movement of motor vehicles, as well as people at pedestrian crossings and other road users. Once on the road with horse-drawn carriages were first automobiles, the need to streamline the movement of vehicles.

Invented the first gas traffic lights J. P. Knight. It was installed in London in December 1868.

In the afternoon the police to regulate the movement, raising and lowering the wing lights. At night lights included. In January 1869 the year this device exploded, wounded policeman. In Chicago, 1910, Ernst Syrryn developed the first automatic traffic light system . In its devices to use labels: STOP and PROCEED. In the USA, 1912, Lester Wire invented the first electric traffic light. Equipment first traffic lights junction was made August 5, 1914 in Cleveland, USA. Manage the traffic lights of the police special booth set at the crossroads. Three-color traffic lights with yellow appeared for the first time in Detroit and New York City in 1920. Designed the John F. Harris and William Potts. In Europe, similar to traffic lights were first installed in 1922 in Paris and Hamburg. In the Soviet Union the first traffic light installed January 15, 1930 in Leningrad, and in December of the same year earned first traffic light in Moscow. The first traffic light in Moscow - with dial and hands. February 5, 1952 in New York, there were the first traffic light for pedestrians. First traffic light with a digital countdown on the LED board appeared in France in 1998. In the mid-1990s were invented green LEDs with sufficient brightness and color purity, and began experimenting with LED lights. Moscow was the first city in which LED lights have been used in large quantities. August 5th is the International Day of traffic lights. As a rule, there are traffic lights with round three signals of conventional colors: red, yellow and green. The order of colors is strictly regulated. If the signals are arranged vertically, the red is always on top and green at the bottom. If the light level, the red light will be located on the left and green - right.

Origin

Internet:

• http://avivas.ru/topic/kak_menyalis_svetofori_s_xix_veka_do_nashih_dnei.html

• http://fishki.net/auto/1242338-istorija-svetoforov.html

• http://www.poetomu.ru/publ/zhurnal/glazami_rebjonka/kto_pridumal_svetofor/6-1-0-256

• http://www.letopis.info/themes/roads/istorija_svetofora.html