VII Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2015

For adjective comparisons, as well as comparisons to other types duality characteristic values are compared with one another. Such a structure of values makes it stand out as a special kind of phraseological value, namely comparative.

The first component of adjective comparison is usually used in its basic literal meaning. The function of the second amplifying component is always as it represents the degree of the characteristic expressed by the first component. The first component is called a basis of comparison, and the second - the object of comparison. Union as - a bunch. Comparing the subject - a variable element is in the text.

(as) good as gold - a good, noble, gold (person)

Gertrude Morel was very ill when the boy was born. Morel was good to her, as good as gold (DH Lawrence).

Gertrude Morel - subject comparison, good - the basis of comparison, gold - an object of comparison, as - a bunch.

Adjective comparison and therefore appear in the language that there is a need to transfer more information than the information transmitted by the first reference component, taken separately.

There are comparative speed, use only with the adjective in the comparative degree: more dead than alive - half dead (from fatigue), deadbeat (not to be confused with the Russian neither dead nor alive).

EF more honoured in the breach than (in) the observance (shekspirizm) is one of the few revolutions, indicating nonperson. This EF is more broken than observed (on laws, customs, etc.).

То my mind the afternoon call is a convention more honoured in the breach than the observance

(W.S. Maugham).

Imagery phrase is due to the fact that the comparison of speech refers to a particular class of objects, phenomena, or persons, who represents his second component, for example, he is as brave as a lion. The imagery is created by man compared with a lion, but if we compare, say, a lioness with the lion, the imagery comparison disappears and instead of figurative comparison (simile) arises not shaped (comparison).

Comparisons are usually pronounced with EF estimated value, both positive and negative, for example:

(as) bold (or brave) as a lion - brave as a lion;

(as) fierce as a tiger - ferocious as a tiger;

(as) pretty as a picture - good as a picture, and others.

The nature of the estimate depends on the semantics of the first component. In some cases, a crucial role is played by the semantics of the second component, for example, (as) fat as a pig - fat, a fat like a pig, like a pig, and (as) fat as butter - chubby, plump. Comparisons characterized by exaggeration, ie exaggeration characteristic for its more expressive release.

Adjective is a binary comparison. The second component may, just as in comparative verbal phraseologisms act token or a combination of tokens. Here are examples of adjective FE with the second component - a combination of tokens:

(as) different as chalk from cheese - it does not appear;

(as) plain as the nose on your face = clear as twice two is four;

(as) welcome as flowers in May - a welcome, welcome, and others.

Adjectival comparisons indicate a variety of qualities and properties of both people and objects and phenomena. Examples of adjective comparisons relating to people:

(as) cool as a cucumber - quite calm, unflappable;

(as) merry as a grig - cheerful, cheerful;

(as) brown as a berry - very tanned, chocolate-colored (brown in this word retains its antiquated compared to "dark");

(as) pretty as a picture - good as the picture;

(as) true as steel - devoted body and soul;

(as) ugly as sin - ugly as sin;

(as) vain as a peacock - a proud, vain, important as a peacock;

(as) wise as Solomon - wise as Solomon;

(as) yellow as a guinea - yellow as a lemon, and others.

Usually monosemantic comparison. But there are comparisons with two Frazeosemantic options. Polysemous comparisons are extremely rare. In comparison, the second component of this type has not only an amplification function, but also a differentiator value. Thus, the turnover (as) weak as water means:

1) weak, sickly:

Sir, I am just getting well of a fever, and I am as weak as water (Ch. Reade).

2) weak, spineless, weak-willed:

You're very fond of swearing and blistering and threatening, but when it comes to the point you're as weak as water (N. Coward).

Список литературы:

Курс фразеологии современного английского языка/ - 3-е издание, 2005

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