VI Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2014

The pancreas is located behind the stomach and omental bursa, in the upper abdomen.The larger part of pancreas releases secret through ducts into the duodenum, and the smaller part of the gland which performs the endocrine function in the form of the isles of Langerhans (insulae pancreatisae) releases insulin, which regulates blood sugar, into the blood stream. Pancreas belongs to the upper story of the peritoneal cavity, as it is functionally and anatomically connected with the duodenum, liver and stomach. It is divided into three parts: head, body and tail.

Pancreatic head is surrounded by the duodenum, which securely holds it with common bile and pancreatic ducts.Behind the head of the pancreas the superior and inferior mesenteric and splenic veins form the portal vein.

The body of the pancreas is the median and the largest part of the organ. Protruding omental tuber (tuber omentale) is located on the front surface of the body of the pancreas.The front surface of the body of the pancreas is adjacent to the back layr of the parietal peritoneum, which is the rear wall of omental bursa. Omental tuber is often located near the lower surface of the right lobe of the liver. Truncus coeliacusis is located at the upper edge of the body of the pancreas. The common hepatic artery is located along the right part of the upper edge of the body of the pancreas.On the left part of the upper edge there is the splenic artery, which goes to the spleen. Behind the body of the pancreas, below the artery there is a splenic vein (v. lienalis), which is forming a hole in the gland tissue. Renal and adrenal vessels of the lower, left kidney and adrenal gland are located behind the body and the tail of the pancreas.The lower edge of the pancreas is adjacent to the mesentery of the transverse colon. Flexura duodenojejunalis is located on the lower edge of the body of the pancreas.

Flexura coli sinistra is adjacent to the left edge of the tail of the pancreatic gland.

The head of the pancreas is vascularized more intensevly at ectomorphic type of body: front arterial arch is 10,5 ± 0,2 cm long and has 13,5 ± 1,1 arterial branches; arterial back arch is 8,86 ± 0,2 and has12, 7 ± 04 arterial branches. The vascularization of pancreas of those people who have ectomorphic type of body is 37.5% harder than the endomorphic. 12% of people with ectomorphic type of body have celiac trunk located higher than mesomorphic people. People with ectomorphic type of body have more tortuoussplenic artery.