VI Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2014

At present study of the problems of skeletal muscles innervation considering an individual variability of their neuromuscular apparatus has great importance in connection with development of neuro- and myoplasty, that are especially based on microsurgery technique.

The research was carried out on 55 corpses of people at the juvenile , mature and old age. The macromicroscopic, histological and morphometric methods of research were used in the work.

Our research has shown some regularities in the extraorganic and intraorganic innervations of the muscles and the character of their intratruncal structure. Special emphasis was given to the study of the relations between metric indications of the given group of muscles and quantitative characteristics of the myeloarchitectonic of their nerves. The correlation between individual peculiarities of the structure of the lower jaw and the configuration of the nerve branching in the mylohoid muscle was determined. In a dolichomorphic lower jaw mainly the magistral type of the branching is observed, in a brachymorphic one the scattered type is observed and in a mesomorphic the mixed or scattered types are present.

Individual variability in the topography and in the amount of nervous branches which come to the muscles was observed in the innervation of the studied muscles. The investigation has shown that size and volume of muscles depend on the shape of a lower jaw and a neck. Constant sources of innervation have been determined and additional sources of innervation have been identified. Intermuscular nervous connections were found between the nerves of the muscles of the right and left sides. Peculiarities of the intramuscular nerve branching and the regions of their peak concentration for each of the nerves have been determined.

Received data have theoretical and practical importance. In an operative intervention in the regions of mouth floor or neck, in cases of pathological processes or myoplasty, it is necessary to spare place of nerve entrance into muscle.

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