V Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2013

Nowadays the area of Ushuaia location is not very favorable as place of living because of the ozone depletion which is formed there regularly. UV radiation caused by the ozone depletion is strong and can effect negatively on the local ecosystems, including the local population of penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri, Aptenodytes patagonicus, Pvgoscelis adeliae), unique specimen of Antarctica biodiversity. The city of Ushuaia is situated in the area called "Tierra del Fuego" which means "The Fire Land". The region of "Fire Land" is the archipelago (south of Argentina) and is situated along the Beagle channel. The population of Ushuaia is about 50 thousand people. It is the largest city in, and arguably the southernmost city in the world. In the past, the town has been a missionary base, penal colony and naval base for the Argentine navy. Ushuaia is now a major tourist town, complete with casinos and nice restaurants, and commonly used as a base for hiking, winter sports and cruises to Antarctica. But also this place is well-known for the scientists, environmentalists, fans of ecological tourism, mass media net, TV-producers to be the area of some species of penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri, Aptenodytes patagonicus, Pygoscelis adtliae) occuring at this location. The dynamical transformation of the ozone depletion can also cause climate changes, which may lessen the population of penguins, while this population can be made as control excerpt for getting extrapolated for the rest penguin populations of the Antarctic area. That is why the city of Ushuaia was chosen for building up a new Research Station. The main idea of the project is the research of the ozone depletion influence on the local ecosystems as whole, with the emphasis to the penguin population and management and protection of the population of penguins. A few main research directions which embody a basic item to be held in the new Research Station have been worked out. These research directions include: penguins exploration in their natural environment, ozone depletion effects research, indirect factors on penguin environment expose, penguin population dynamics examination, organization of the events for management and protection of the penguin population, protection and keeping clean the see-coast. In addition to the main research direction the Research Station program includes complicated innovation projects working out for the location and adjacent territories exploration because the Research Station is ought to be able to be building accordine to the city infrastructure. It will be safe for the environment and follow all the safety rules during building up and exploitation of the Station. Specific emphasis should be done for the recreation modeling with the labyrinthised kind of plot involving main recreation directions of local active tourist activity, predominantly environmental locations routes (Hike the Glacier Martial - Provided that you wear comfortable shoes and have the patience, a hike up the Glacier Martial will provide a very beautiful view of Ushuaia and the Beagle Chanel. There is also a single ski slope open during the winter months, and ski hire is available from the site. Catamaran trips - Catamaran trips will take you around the Beagle channel and give you nice views of the mountains, cormorants, sea lions and penguins. Tierra del Fuego National Park - this national park provide some nice day hikes on well marked trails. Cerro Castor - this centre for winter sports offers skiing and snowboarding. Nearby, you can also ride snowcats or husky sleighs. Kayak the Beagle Channel - Kayaks can be hired near the Aeroparque on the promontory jutting out from Ushuaia. Motonave Barracuda sail -ship trips will take you around the Beagle channel and give you nice views of the mountains, cormorants, sea lions and penguins), watching a science- fiction film in 4D, specific scientific tourist programs endorsed by the Research Station. Scientific Research Programs endorsed The Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), leading independent organization for facilitating and coordinating Antarctic research (Antarctica in the Global Climate System (AGCS). Antarctic Climate Evolution (ACE). Evolution and Biodhersitv in the Antarctic (EBA), Subglacial Antarctic Lake Exploration (SALE), Astronomy and Astrophysics from Antarctica (AAA)), and for identifying issues emerging from greater scientific understanding of the region that should be brought to the attention of policy makers. Its major objective is to initiate, develop, and co-ordinate high quality international scientific research in the Antarctic region, and on the role of the Antarctic region in the Earth system. That is why the Research Centre is going to involve chemists, physicists, ecologists, hydrologists, ichtiologists, glaciologists, oceanologists, astrophysisits as the research specialists who will be apt and succeed at the exploration branch to strengthen international capacity and cooperation in Antarctic research. The program of the Station is designed to encourage the active involvement of early career scientists and engineers in Antarctic scientific research by different International volunteer program, and surpassingly by specific Fellowship Scheme which will be endorsed by SCAR, Argentina Governmental structures and other interested organizations. Fellowships are intended to allow researchers from some country to undertake short term visits to major international laboratories, field facilities, and/or home institutions in or operated by another country, so as to become acquainted with recent advances in research and/or to develop long-term scientific links and partnerships. The work must be carried out in a research group of a Research Station. Awards should be arranged up to account providing, as needed, economy-class round trip travel and a modest subsistence allowance for the fellowship period. The Fellow's home institute will bear all expenses incurred in his or he^r own nation (domestic travel, visa costs, etc.), and the host institute will waive any bench fees that they might normally charge trainees. Three to four awards will be made in total depending on the quality of the applications and the budget available especially involving foreign students into our research program. It is expected that the Research Centre will attract as many as 3,000 science, policy, political and mass media net collaborators from around the world to present scientific research findings and to consider the policy implications of their work. The Research Station is ought to be able to play a lead role by providing significant funding for research in ail disciplines. More importantly, Argentina has been at the forefront in ensuring the focus on the human dimension and on traditional knowledge developed by Antarctic resident people over millennia. The Research Station is a major opportunity for Argentina collaborators and international colleagues to continue to build on this important work by delivering impressive advances in scientific understanding. It will also give the possibility create the international partnerships that made these advances possible. In the long term these partnerships will be at least as important as the discoveries that will be being made through International cooperation on scientific research and will be critical to addressing the challenges facing everyone on the globe.

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